What is HMPV?
- HMPV is a respiratory virus that causes mild infections similar to the common cold. It was first identified in 2001 and belongs to the Pneumoviridae family, which also includes the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), measles, and mumps.
- It can cause both upper and lower respiratory tract infections, typically circulating in winter and early spring.
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Is HMPV a cause for concern?
- While HMPV is not new and typically causes mild symptoms, it can lead to complications like bronchitis or pneumonia in certain individuals, particularly those who are young, elderly, or immunocompromised.
- Despite recent cases in China, there is no indication of a serious new threat from HMPV. The virus has been circulating globally for years, and the Indian government has reassured the public that the health systems are vigilant.
How does HMPV spread?
- HMPV spreads through respiratory droplets from coughs and snebezes, as well as by touching contaminated surfaces and then touching the mouth, nose, or eyes.
- Close contact, such as hugging or shaking hands with infected individuals, can also facilitate the virus’s transmission.
Symptoms of HMPV infection:
- Symptoms resemble those of the common cold, including:
- Cough
- Runny or blocked nose
- Sore throat
- Fever
- Wheezing
- The incubation period is usually 3 to 6 days, and most cases resolve on their own within a few days with rest and supportive care.
Treatment and prevention:
- Treatment: There is no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine for HMPV. Supportive care, such as over-the-counter medications to relieve fever, pain, and congestion, is typically sufficient.
- Prevention: To reduce the risk of infection:
- Wash hands frequently with soap and water.
- Avoid close contact with infected individuals.
- Avoid touching the face, mouth, nose, and eyes.
- Wear a mask if you are infected to prevent spreading the virus.
- People with pre-existing lung conditions like asthma or COPD should take extra precautions.
Government’s response in India:
- The National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) is closely monitoring respiratory and seasonal influenza cases and coordinating with international agencies.
- Health experts have clarified that HMPV is not a new virus, and there is no need for alarm. The virus has been circulating globally for many years, and India’s health systems are well-prepared.
