Static Quiz 29 June 2023
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Static Quiz 29 June 2023 for UPSC Prelims
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- Question 1 of 5
1. Question
The institution of Samanta finds mention for the first time in epigraphs of northern India dating to the 6th century. It is most closely associated with the origin and growth of which of these systems in India?
CorrectSolution: (a)
Justification: Options B, C, and D existed much prior to the 6th century, so they can’t be the answer. The institution is considered to belong properly to the Gupta Empire, however, some vague evidence is found in South India as well. The Samanta in South-India was used to mean a vassal to an emperor. In North-India, the earliest use of the term in a similar sense was in Bengal where someone was described as Samanta-Chudamanih (best among feudatories) of the imperial Guptas. The Samanta vassal provided military support to the Monarch and governed over a portion of a territory.
Learning: The term Indian feudalism is used to describe zamindar, jagirdar, sardar, mankari, deshmukh, chaudhary and samanta.
In this system, a nobility gave the emperor military services in exchange of land. There was a separate class of labourers or peasants who were provided military protection in exchange of labour and share of their produce. They were allowed to live on the lord’s land.IncorrectSolution: (a)
Justification: Options B, C, and D existed much prior to the 6th century, so they can’t be the answer. The institution is considered to belong properly to the Gupta Empire, however, some vague evidence is found in South India as well. The Samanta in South-India was used to mean a vassal to an emperor. In North-India, the earliest use of the term in a similar sense was in Bengal where someone was described as Samanta-Chudamanih (best among feudatories) of the imperial Guptas. The Samanta vassal provided military support to the Monarch and governed over a portion of a territory.
Learning: The term Indian feudalism is used to describe zamindar, jagirdar, sardar, mankari, deshmukh, chaudhary and samanta.
In this system, a nobility gave the emperor military services in exchange of land. There was a separate class of labourers or peasants who were provided military protection in exchange of labour and share of their produce. They were allowed to live on the lord’s land. - Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Consider the following with reference to the Fa Hien’s account of India.
(1) During his visit, stupa veneration was not practiced in India.
(2) He frequently mentions the name of Chandragupta II in his works.
(3) As per him, Buddhism was established mainly in the Gangetic valley.
(4) He was looking for better copies of Buddhist books than were available in China at that time.Select the correct answer using the codes below.
CorrectSolution: (b)
Justification: Statement 4: Between 399 and 414 CE, the Chinese monk Fa Hien undertook a trip via Central Asia to India seeking better copies of Buddhist books than were currently available in China.
Statement 2: As far as the Gupta empire is concerned, although his account is valuable in many respects, he did not mention the name of Chandragupta II. He was not interested in political affairs. His interest was primarily religion.
Statement 3: According to him, Buddhism was in a flourishing condition in the north-western India but in the Gangetic valley it was in a state of neglect. He refers to the Gangetic valley as the ‘land of Brahmanism’.
Statement 1: He indicates clearly the importance of the seven precious substances for Buddhist worship, the widespread practice of stupa veneration, and his acquaintance with several of the jataka tales about the previous lives of the Buddha Sakyamuni.
IncorrectSolution: (b)
Justification: Statement 4: Between 399 and 414 CE, the Chinese monk Fa Hien undertook a trip via Central Asia to India seeking better copies of Buddhist books than were currently available in China.
Statement 2: As far as the Gupta empire is concerned, although his account is valuable in many respects, he did not mention the name of Chandragupta II. He was not interested in political affairs. His interest was primarily religion.
Statement 3: According to him, Buddhism was in a flourishing condition in the north-western India but in the Gangetic valley it was in a state of neglect. He refers to the Gangetic valley as the ‘land of Brahmanism’.
Statement 1: He indicates clearly the importance of the seven precious substances for Buddhist worship, the widespread practice of stupa veneration, and his acquaintance with several of the jataka tales about the previous lives of the Buddha Sakyamuni.
- Question 3 of 5
3. Question
In the gupta empire , Paramabhattaraka was a
CorrectSolution: (b)
Learning: According to inscriptions, the Gupta kings assumed titles like Paramabhattaraka, Maharajadhiraja, Parameswara, Samrat, and Chakravartin. This is a lateral explanation, and we will go into other details of the Gupta administration.
Other details: The king was assisted in his administration by a council consisting of a chief minister, a Senapati or commander-in-chief of the army and other important officials. A high official called Sandivigrahawasmentioned in the Gupta inscriptions,most probably minister for foreign affairs. The king maintained a close contact with the provincial administration through a class of officials called Kumaramatyas and yukatas. Provinces in the Gupta Empire were known as Bhuktis and provincial governors as Uparikas.
IncorrectSolution: (b)
Learning: According to inscriptions, the Gupta kings assumed titles like Paramabhattaraka, Maharajadhiraja, Parameswara, Samrat, and Chakravartin. This is a lateral explanation, and we will go into other details of the Gupta administration.
Other details: The king was assisted in his administration by a council consisting of a chief minister, a Senapati or commander-in-chief of the army and other important officials. A high official called Sandivigrahawasmentioned in the Gupta inscriptions,most probably minister for foreign affairs. The king maintained a close contact with the provincial administration through a class of officials called Kumaramatyas and yukatas. Provinces in the Gupta Empire were known as Bhuktis and provincial governors as Uparikas.
- Question 4 of 5
4. Question
With reference to the views of travelers about caste discrimination in India, consider the following statements.
(1) Chinese Buddhist monk Fa Xian wrote that untouchables had to sound a clapper in the streets so that people could avoid seeing them.
(2) Korean pilgrim, Xuan Zang observed that executioners and scavengers were forced to live outside the city.Which of the above is/are correct?
CorrectSolution: (a)
Justification: Statement 2: Xuan Zang was of Chinese origin, not Korean, so 2 is wrong. They observed this not only on the social conditions but also the rules laid down in texts like Manusmriti such as lower castes had to: live outside the village or wear clothes of the dead etc.
IncorrectSolution: (a)
Justification: Statement 2: Xuan Zang was of Chinese origin, not Korean, so 2 is wrong. They observed this not only on the social conditions but also the rules laid down in texts like Manusmriti such as lower castes had to: live outside the village or wear clothes of the dead etc.
- Question 5 of 5
5. Question
In Ancient India, shrenis served which of these purposes?
(1) Provided training to craftspersons
(2) Procured raw material former chants
(3) Served as financial institutions for money deposits
(4) Supported religious institutions by donationsSelect the correct answer using the codes below.
CorrectSolution: (d)
Justification: Many craftspersons and merchants now formed associations known as shrines. These shrines of crafts persons provided training, procured raw material, and distributed the finished product. Then shrines of merchants organized the trade. Shrines also served as banks, where rich men and women deposited money. This was invested, and part of the interest was returned or used to support religious institutions such as monasteries.
IncorrectSolution: (d)
Justification: Many craftspersons and merchants now formed associations known as shrines. These shrines of crafts persons provided training, procured raw material, and distributed the finished product. Then shrines of merchants organized the trade. Shrines also served as banks, where rich men and women deposited money. This was invested, and part of the interest was returned or used to support religious institutions such as monasteries.