Static Quiz 28 March 2025 (Geography)
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Static Quiz 28 March 2025 (Geography) For UPSC Exam
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1. Question
Consider the following statements regarding Shield Volcanoes:
1. They have a low silica content and produce basaltic lava.
2. Their eruptions are typically less violent compared to stratovolcanoes.
3. Kīlauea in Hawaii is a famous example of a shield volcano.
Which of the statements given above are correct?CorrectCorrect Answer: (d) 1, 2, and 3
Explanation:
• Shield volcanoes have low-silica, basaltic lava, which is fluid and spreads over large areas.
• Their eruptions are effusive, not explosive, making them less violent than stratovolcanoes.
• Kīlauea is a well-known shield volcano in Hawaii.IncorrectCorrect Answer: (d) 1, 2, and 3
Explanation:
• Shield volcanoes have low-silica, basaltic lava, which is fluid and spreads over large areas.
• Their eruptions are effusive, not explosive, making them less violent than stratovolcanoes.
• Kīlauea is a well-known shield volcano in Hawaii. - Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Which of the following statements about Cinder Cone Volcanoes is/are correct?
1. They are typically the smallest type of volcano.
2. They have highly viscous lava that solidifies quickly.
3. Parícutin in Mexico is an example of a cinder cone volcano.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:CorrectCorrect Answer: (b) 1 and 3 only
Explanation:
• Cinder cone volcanoes are smallest in size and are formed from lava fragments ejected into the air that cool and accumulate around the vent.
• Their lava is usually low- to medium-viscosity, not highly viscous.
• Parícutin (Mexico) is a famous cinder cone volcano that emerged in 1943.IncorrectCorrect Answer: (b) 1 and 3 only
Explanation:
• Cinder cone volcanoes are smallest in size and are formed from lava fragments ejected into the air that cool and accumulate around the vent.
• Their lava is usually low- to medium-viscosity, not highly viscous.
• Parícutin (Mexico) is a famous cinder cone volcano that emerged in 1943. - Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Which of the following volcanoes is NOT correctly matched with its type?
Volcano Name TypeCorrectCorrect Answer: (c) Tambora – Cinder Cone
Explanation:
• Mt. St. Helens (USA) – Stratovolcano, known for its 1980 explosive eruption.
• Mauna Kea (Hawaii) – Shield Volcano, built from layers of fluid lava flows.
• Tambora (Indonesia) – NOT a Cinder Cone; it is a Stratovolcano that caused the “Year Without a Summer” in 1815.
• Yellowstone (USA) – A supervolcano with a massive caldera.IncorrectCorrect Answer: (c) Tambora – Cinder Cone
Explanation:
• Mt. St. Helens (USA) – Stratovolcano, known for its 1980 explosive eruption.
• Mauna Kea (Hawaii) – Shield Volcano, built from layers of fluid lava flows.
• Tambora (Indonesia) – NOT a Cinder Cone; it is a Stratovolcano that caused the “Year Without a Summer” in 1815.
• Yellowstone (USA) – A supervolcano with a massive caldera. - Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Which of the following volcanoes was responsible for the largest volcanic eruption in recorded history?
CorrectCorrect Answer: (b) Mount Tambora, Indonesia (1815)
Explanation:
• Mount Tambora (1815) had the largest recorded eruption, ejecting ~150 cubic km of ash.
• It caused a global climate disruption, leading to “The Year Without a Summer” (1816).
• Krakatoa (1883) was also catastrophic but smaller than Tambora.
• Mount Pelee (1902) caused one of the deadliest pyroclastic flows but was not the largest eruption.
• Nevado del Ruiz (1985) led to a devastating lahar but was not the largest eruption.IncorrectCorrect Answer: (b) Mount Tambora, Indonesia (1815)
Explanation:
• Mount Tambora (1815) had the largest recorded eruption, ejecting ~150 cubic km of ash.
• It caused a global climate disruption, leading to “The Year Without a Summer” (1816).
• Krakatoa (1883) was also catastrophic but smaller than Tambora.
• Mount Pelee (1902) caused one of the deadliest pyroclastic flows but was not the largest eruption.
• Nevado del Ruiz (1985) led to a devastating lahar but was not the largest eruption. - Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Assertion (A): Supervolcanoes pose a greater global risk than typical volcanoes.
Reason (R): They release immense amounts of ash and gases that can cause long-term climate change.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:CorrectCorrect Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
• Supervolcanoes (like Yellowstone) eject massive amounts of ash and sulfur dioxide, leading to global cooling and climate change.
• Their eruption can cause crop failures, acid rain, and mass extinctions.IncorrectCorrect Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
• Supervolcanoes (like Yellowstone) eject massive amounts of ash and sulfur dioxide, leading to global cooling and climate change.
• Their eruption can cause crop failures, acid rain, and mass extinctions.
