Static Quiz 20 March 2025 (Geography)
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Static Quiz 20 March 2025 (Geography) For UPSC Exam
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1. Question
Which of the following statements correctly explains the causes of negative gravity anomalies?
CorrectAnswer: (d)
Explanation:
• Gravity anomalies indicate deviations in the Earth’s gravitational field from a uniform, featureless surface.
• These anomalies arise due to variations in mass distribution beneath the Earth’s surface.
• Positive anomalies occur where there is an excess of mass, such as mountain ranges.
• Negative anomalies occur in regions with lower mass, such as ocean trenches or land depressions caused by glaciation.
• Therefore, option (d) is correct.IncorrectAnswer: (d)
Explanation:
• Gravity anomalies indicate deviations in the Earth’s gravitational field from a uniform, featureless surface.
• These anomalies arise due to variations in mass distribution beneath the Earth’s surface.
• Positive anomalies occur where there is an excess of mass, such as mountain ranges.
• Negative anomalies occur in regions with lower mass, such as ocean trenches or land depressions caused by glaciation.
• Therefore, option (d) is correct. - Question 2 of 5
2. Question
According to Alfred Wegener, which of the following forces is/are responsible for the movement of continents?
1. Tidal forces from the Moon
2. Ocean currents
3. Pole-fleeing force
4. Earth’s centrifugal force
Select the correct answer:CorrectAnswer: (b)
Explanation:
• Alfred Wegener proposed the Continental Drift Theory (1915), suggesting that continents drift due to two primary forces:
1. Equator-ward movement: Due to gravity, pole-fleeing force (centrifugal force), and buoyancy.
2. Westward movement: Due to tidal currents caused by Earth’s rotation.
• Pole-fleeing force results from Earth’s rotation, causing a bulge at the equator. (✔ Correct)
• Tidal force is due to gravitational attraction from the Moon and Sun, influencing oceanic movements. (✔ Correct)
• Ocean currents are surface phenomena but do not drive continental drift significantly. (✘ Incorrect)
• Centrifugal force affects Earth’s shape but is not a primary driver of drift. (✘ Incorrect)
Thus, option (b) (1 and 3 only) is correct.IncorrectAnswer: (b)
Explanation:
• Alfred Wegener proposed the Continental Drift Theory (1915), suggesting that continents drift due to two primary forces:
1. Equator-ward movement: Due to gravity, pole-fleeing force (centrifugal force), and buoyancy.
2. Westward movement: Due to tidal currents caused by Earth’s rotation.
• Pole-fleeing force results from Earth’s rotation, causing a bulge at the equator. (✔ Correct)
• Tidal force is due to gravitational attraction from the Moon and Sun, influencing oceanic movements. (✔ Correct)
• Ocean currents are surface phenomena but do not drive continental drift significantly. (✘ Incorrect)
• Centrifugal force affects Earth’s shape but is not a primary driver of drift. (✘ Incorrect)
Thus, option (b) (1 and 3 only) is correct. - Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Consider the following statements:
1. The distance between each longitude decreases steadily polewards.
2. All the parallels of latitude are of equal length.
Which of the above statements is/are NOT correct?CorrectAnswer: (b)
Explanation:
• Latitudes are horizontal lines running from west to east, dividing Earth into hemispheres.
• Longitudes are vertical lines converging at the poles, meaning their spacing decreases towards the poles. (✔ Correct)
• The equator is the longest latitude, while other latitudes progressively shorten toward the poles. (✘ Incorrect)
• Since not all parallels of latitude are of equal length, Statement 2 is incorrect.
Thus, option (b) is correct.IncorrectAnswer: (b)
Explanation:
• Latitudes are horizontal lines running from west to east, dividing Earth into hemispheres.
• Longitudes are vertical lines converging at the poles, meaning their spacing decreases towards the poles. (✔ Correct)
• The equator is the longest latitude, while other latitudes progressively shorten toward the poles. (✘ Incorrect)
• Since not all parallels of latitude are of equal length, Statement 2 is incorrect.
Thus, option (b) is correct. - Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Consider the following statements:
1. The external forces originating within the Earth’s atmosphere are known as exogenic forces, and those within the Earth are known as endogenic forces.
2. The wearing down of relief and elevations is known as degradation, and the filling up of basins and depressions on the Earth’s surface is known as gradation.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?CorrectAnswer: (a)
Explanation:
• Exogenic forces act externally (e.g., weathering, erosion, deposition), while endogenic forces originate from within the Earth (e.g., earthquakes, volcanic activity). (✔ Correct)
• Degradation refers to wearing down of landforms by exogenic forces.
• Aggradation (not “gradation”) refers to filling up of basins/depressions by sediment deposition. (✘ Incorrect)
Thus, option (a) (1 only) is correct.IncorrectAnswer: (a)
Explanation:
• Exogenic forces act externally (e.g., weathering, erosion, deposition), while endogenic forces originate from within the Earth (e.g., earthquakes, volcanic activity). (✔ Correct)
• Degradation refers to wearing down of landforms by exogenic forces.
• Aggradation (not “gradation”) refers to filling up of basins/depressions by sediment deposition. (✘ Incorrect)
Thus, option (a) (1 only) is correct. - Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Consider the following statements:
1. Rills develop into gullies, which in turn give rise to valleys.
2. A gorge is a deep valley that is wider at its top than at its bottom.
3. A canyon is a gorge variant commonly formed in horizontally bedded sedimentary rocks.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?CorrectAnswer: (c)
Explanation:
• Rills (small channels) develop into gullies, which further erode into valleys. (✔ Correct)
• A gorge is a narrow, steep-sided valley, with nearly vertical walls, not necessarily wider at the top than the bottom. (✘ Incorrect)
• A canyon is a type of gorge, often formed in horizontally layered sedimentary rock due to water erosion. (✔ Correct)
Thus, option (c) (1 and 3 only) is correct.IncorrectAnswer: (c)
Explanation:
• Rills (small channels) develop into gullies, which further erode into valleys. (✔ Correct)
• A gorge is a narrow, steep-sided valley, with nearly vertical walls, not necessarily wider at the top than the bottom. (✘ Incorrect)
• A canyon is a type of gorge, often formed in horizontally layered sedimentary rock due to water erosion. (✔ Correct)
Thus, option (c) (1 and 3 only) is correct.
