Static Quiz 20 January 2025 (Physical Geography)
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Static Quiz 20 January 2025 (Physical Geography) For UPSC Exam
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- Question 1 of 5
1. Question
With reference to Glacial Landforms, consider the following statements:
1. Cirques are flat, elongated valleys formed by glacial erosion..
2. Eskers are sinuous ridges of sand and gravel deposited by meltwater streams flowing within glaciers.
3. Moraines are depositional features created when glaciers retreat.
4. Aretes and horns are erosional features of alpine glaciers.
Which of the above statements are correct?CorrectAnswer: (b) 2, 3, and 4 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1: Incorrect. Cirques are bowl-shaped depressions formed by glacial erosion, not flat, elongated valleys.
• Statement 2: Correct. Eskers are sinuous ridges formed by deposition of sand and gravel by meltwater streams within glaciers.
• Statement 3: Correct. Moraines are depositional features created as glaciers retreat and leave behind sediment.
• Statement 4: Correct. Aretes and horns are erosional features created by alpine glaciers, forming jagged ridges and sharp peaks.IncorrectAnswer: (b) 2, 3, and 4 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1: Incorrect. Cirques are bowl-shaped depressions formed by glacial erosion, not flat, elongated valleys.
• Statement 2: Correct. Eskers are sinuous ridges formed by deposition of sand and gravel by meltwater streams within glaciers.
• Statement 3: Correct. Moraines are depositional features created as glaciers retreat and leave behind sediment.
• Statement 4: Correct. Aretes and horns are erosional features created by alpine glaciers, forming jagged ridges and sharp peaks. - Question 2 of 5
2. Question
. With reference to Aeolian processes and landforms, consider the following statements:
1. Yardangs are elongated ridges formed by wind erosion.
2. Loess is a water-deposited sediment, primarily composed of sand and gravel, found in humid tropical regions
3. Sand dunes are formed due to the deposition of sediments carried by wind.
4. Ventifacts are rocks formed by the solidification of volcanic ash, with smooth surfaces due to weathering
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?CorrectAnswer: (a) 1 and 3 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1: Correct. Yardangs are elongated ridges formed by wind erosion in arid regions.
• Statement 2: Incorrect. Loess is wind-deposited, not water-deposited, and primarily composed of silt and clay.
• Statement 3: Correct. Sand dunes are depositional features formed by wind-transported sediments.
• Statement 4: Incorrect. Ventifacts are rocks shaped by wind erosion (abrasion by sand), not formed from volcanic ash.IncorrectAnswer: (a) 1 and 3 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1: Correct. Yardangs are elongated ridges formed by wind erosion in arid regions.
• Statement 2: Incorrect. Loess is wind-deposited, not water-deposited, and primarily composed of silt and clay.
• Statement 3: Correct. Sand dunes are depositional features formed by wind-transported sediments.
• Statement 4: Incorrect. Ventifacts are rocks shaped by wind erosion (abrasion by sand), not formed from volcanic ash. - Question 3 of 5
3. Question
With reference to Plate Tectonics, consider the following statements:
1. Divergent plate boundaries are characterized by the formation of mid-oceanic ridges.
2. Convergent plate boundaries can result in the formation of fold mountains and volcanic arcs.
3. Transform boundaries involve the horizontal movement of plates, without the creation or destruction of crust.
4. The Himalayan mountain range was formed due to the collision of the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate.
Which of the above statements are correct?CorrectAnswer: (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
Explanation:
• Statement 1: Correct. Divergent plate boundaries result in mid-oceanic ridges as magma rises to create new crust.
• Statement 2: Correct. Convergent plate boundaries lead to features like fold mountains and volcanic arcs due to plate collision/subduction.
• Statement 3: Correct. Transform boundaries involve horizontal plate movement without crust creation or destruction.
• Statement 4: Correct. The Himalayas formed from the collision of the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate.IncorrectAnswer: (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4
Explanation:
• Statement 1: Correct. Divergent plate boundaries result in mid-oceanic ridges as magma rises to create new crust.
• Statement 2: Correct. Convergent plate boundaries lead to features like fold mountains and volcanic arcs due to plate collision/subduction.
• Statement 3: Correct. Transform boundaries involve horizontal plate movement without crust creation or destruction.
• Statement 4: Correct. The Himalayas formed from the collision of the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. - Question 4 of 5
4. Question
With reference to Coastal Landforms, consider the following statements:
1. Spits are depositional features formed when longshore drift deposits sand and gravel along the coast.
2. Sea arches are formed due to glacial erosion acting on mountain valleys.
3. Wave-cut platforms are flat surfaces formed at the base of cliffs due to wave action.
4. Barrier islands are erosional features that develop parallel to the coastline.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?CorrectAnswer: (a) 1, 3, and 4 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1: Correct. Spits form when longshore drift deposits sand and gravel along the coast.
• Statement 2: Incorrect. Sea arches are formed by wave erosion, not glacial erosion.
• Statement 3: Correct. Wave-cut platforms are flat surfaces at the base of cliffs created by wave action.
• Statement 4: Incorrect. Barrier islands are depositional, not erosional, features formed parallel to the coastline.IncorrectAnswer: (a) 1, 3, and 4 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1: Correct. Spits form when longshore drift deposits sand and gravel along the coast.
• Statement 2: Incorrect. Sea arches are formed by wave erosion, not glacial erosion.
• Statement 3: Correct. Wave-cut platforms are flat surfaces at the base of cliffs created by wave action.
• Statement 4: Incorrect. Barrier islands are depositional, not erosional, features formed parallel to the coastline. - Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Consider the following statements regarding soil types:
1. Black soils are poor in clay content and low high water retention capacity.
2. Red soils are rich in iron content but are poor in nitrogen and organic matter.
3. Laterite soils are highly acidic and suitable for crops like tea and coffee.
Which of the above statements are correct?CorrectAnswer: (c) 2 and 3 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1: Incorrect. Black soils are rich in clay content and have high water retention capacity.
• Statement 2: Correct. Red soils are rich in iron content but poor in nitrogen and organic matter.
• Statement 3: Correct. Laterite soils are highly acidic and suitable for crops like tea and coffee.IncorrectAnswer: (c) 2 and 3 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1: Incorrect. Black soils are rich in clay content and have high water retention capacity.
• Statement 2: Correct. Red soils are rich in iron content but poor in nitrogen and organic matter.
• Statement 3: Correct. Laterite soils are highly acidic and suitable for crops like tea and coffee.
