Static Quiz 15 February 2024 (Science and Technology)
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Static Quiz 15 February 2024 (Science and Technology)
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1. Question
With reference to different types of COVID-19 tests, consider the following statements:
1) A diagnostic test checks the active coronavirus infection while an antibody test looks for antibodies that are made by your immune system in response to a threat.
2) Antigen test is more accurate compared to molecular test.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?CorrectDifferent Types of Covid-19 Tests
• There are two different types of tests – Diagnostic tests & Antibody tests.
• A diagnostic test can show if you have an active coronavirus infection.
• An antibody test looks for antibodies that are made by your immune system in response to a threat, such as a specific virus.
• Antibodies can help fight infections.
• Antibodies can take several days or weeks to develop after you have an infection & may stay in your blood for several weeks or more after recovery.
• Because of this, antibody tests should not be used to diagnose an active coronavirus infection.
• At this time researchers do not know if the presence of antibodies means that you are immune to the coronavirus in the future.IncorrectDifferent Types of Covid-19 Tests
• There are two different types of tests – Diagnostic tests & Antibody tests.
• A diagnostic test can show if you have an active coronavirus infection.
• An antibody test looks for antibodies that are made by your immune system in response to a threat, such as a specific virus.
• Antibodies can help fight infections.
• Antibodies can take several days or weeks to develop after you have an infection & may stay in your blood for several weeks or more after recovery.
• Because of this, antibody tests should not be used to diagnose an active coronavirus infection.
• At this time researchers do not know if the presence of antibodies means that you are immune to the coronavirus in the future. - Question 2 of 5
2. Question
With reference to Blood Vessels, which among the following statement is correct?
CorrectBlood Vessels
• They are two types of blood vessels namely arteries and veins.
• Veins are the blood vessels that carry carbon dioxide-rich blood [impure blood] from all parts of the body back to the heart. Pulmonary vein is an exception as it carries oxygen-rich blood [pure blood] from lungs to heart. The veins have thin walls.
• Arteries are the blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from heart to all parts of the body. Pulmonary artery is an exception as it carries carbon dioxide-rich blood from heart to lungs. The arteries have thick walls as the pressure acting on then is high.IncorrectBlood Vessels
• They are two types of blood vessels namely arteries and veins.
• Veins are the blood vessels that carry carbon dioxide-rich blood [impure blood] from all parts of the body back to the heart. Pulmonary vein is an exception as it carries oxygen-rich blood [pure blood] from lungs to heart. The veins have thin walls.
• Arteries are the blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from heart to all parts of the body. Pulmonary artery is an exception as it carries carbon dioxide-rich blood from heart to lungs. The arteries have thick walls as the pressure acting on then is high. - Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Consider the following statements about ambient pressure:
1) It is possible to change the state of water from liquid to gas at room temperature, by increasing the ambient pressure.
2) It is possible to convert water to steam at room temperature and keep water in the liquid state even when the temperature is above 100֯ C, just by altering the ambient pressure.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?CorrectIs it possible to boil water (change the state of water from liquid to gas) at room temperature?
• Yes, it is possible, by decreasing the ambient pressure.
• Because the boiling point of liquids can be reduced by reducing the ambient pressure and vice versa.
• As ambient pressure decreases, molecules evaporating from a boiling liquid meet less resistance from air molecules and enter the air more easily.
• Hence, it is possible to convert water to steam at room temperature and keep water in the liquid state even when the temperature is above 100֯ C, just by altering the ambient pressure.IncorrectIs it possible to boil water (change the state of water from liquid to gas) at room temperature?
• Yes, it is possible, by decreasing the ambient pressure.
• Because the boiling point of liquids can be reduced by reducing the ambient pressure and vice versa.
• As ambient pressure decreases, molecules evaporating from a boiling liquid meet less resistance from air molecules and enter the air more easily.
• Hence, it is possible to convert water to steam at room temperature and keep water in the liquid state even when the temperature is above 100֯ C, just by altering the ambient pressure. - Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Consider the following statements about Stem Cell Therapy:
1) It is also known as regenerative medicine, promotes the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives.
2) The Department of Biotechnology is responsible for giving regulatory permissions for the conduct of clinical trials and is responsible for approval of marketing licenses for drugs in India.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?CorrectClinical Trial Regulations In India:
• Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) which comes under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare is the main body which works on development of regulatory procedures and standards for drugs, cosmetics, diagnostics and devices.
• It lays down regulatory guidance by amending acts and rules; and regulates new drug approval process.
• Its main objective is to standardize clinical research and bring safer drugs to the Indian market.
• The Drug Controller General of India (DCGI) is responsible for giving regulatory permissions for the conduct of clinical trials and is responsible for approval of marketing licenses for drugs in India.IncorrectClinical Trial Regulations In India:
• Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) which comes under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare is the main body which works on development of regulatory procedures and standards for drugs, cosmetics, diagnostics and devices.
• It lays down regulatory guidance by amending acts and rules; and regulates new drug approval process.
• Its main objective is to standardize clinical research and bring safer drugs to the Indian market.
• The Drug Controller General of India (DCGI) is responsible for giving regulatory permissions for the conduct of clinical trials and is responsible for approval of marketing licenses for drugs in India. - Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Consider the following statements about Tuberculosis (TB):
1) TB is a viral disease that most commonly affects the lungs.
2) As per the latest report, the number of TB cases in India in 2021 has declined significantly compared to the cases in the previous year.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?CorrectBoth the statements are incorrect.
Tuberculosis
• TB is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis, belonging to the Mycobacteriaceae family consisting of about 200 members.
• Some of Mycobacteria cause diseases like TB and Leprosy in humans and others infect a wide range of animals.
• In humans, TB most commonly affects the lungs (pulmonary TB), but it can also affect other organs (extra-pulmonary TB).
• TB is a very ancient disease and has been documented to have existed in Egypt as early as 3000 BC.
• TB is a treatable and curable disease.TB Report 2022
• A 19% increase in the TB cases was witnessed in 2021 from the previous.
• The number of incident TB patients (new and relapse) notified during 2021 was 19,33,381 against the 16,28,161 in 2020, noted India TB Report 2022 released on Thursday.
• The report said despite the decline in TB notifications observed around the months corresponding to the two major COVID–19 waves, the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP) reclaimed these numbers.
• It said 18 States have committed to ending TB by 2025 by implementing State–specific strategic plans and have devised a district–specific strategic plan, which shall serve as a guiding tool for the programme managers.
• National TB Prevalence Survey Report: The report was released by the government. It was conducted from 2019 to 2021 to know the actual disease burden of TB.
o The reports said there has been an increase in the mortality rate due to all forms of TB between 2019 and 2020 by 11%.
• The survey report said prevalence of microbiologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among 15 years and above in India was 316/lakh population with the highest PTB prevalence of 534/lakh in Delhi and the lowest PTB prevalence of 115/lakh in Kerala.IncorrectBoth the statements are incorrect.
Tuberculosis
• TB is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis, belonging to the Mycobacteriaceae family consisting of about 200 members.
• Some of Mycobacteria cause diseases like TB and Leprosy in humans and others infect a wide range of animals.
• In humans, TB most commonly affects the lungs (pulmonary TB), but it can also affect other organs (extra-pulmonary TB).
• TB is a very ancient disease and has been documented to have existed in Egypt as early as 3000 BC.
• TB is a treatable and curable disease.TB Report 2022
• A 19% increase in the TB cases was witnessed in 2021 from the previous.
• The number of incident TB patients (new and relapse) notified during 2021 was 19,33,381 against the 16,28,161 in 2020, noted India TB Report 2022 released on Thursday.
• The report said despite the decline in TB notifications observed around the months corresponding to the two major COVID–19 waves, the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP) reclaimed these numbers.
• It said 18 States have committed to ending TB by 2025 by implementing State–specific strategic plans and have devised a district–specific strategic plan, which shall serve as a guiding tool for the programme managers.
• National TB Prevalence Survey Report: The report was released by the government. It was conducted from 2019 to 2021 to know the actual disease burden of TB.
o The reports said there has been an increase in the mortality rate due to all forms of TB between 2019 and 2020 by 11%.
• The survey report said prevalence of microbiologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among 15 years and above in India was 316/lakh population with the highest PTB prevalence of 534/lakh in Delhi and the lowest PTB prevalence of 115/lakh in Kerala.
