Static Quiz 07 January 2023 (Geography)

Solution: C Justification: The term karst describes a distinctive topography that indicates dissolution (also called chemical solution) of underlying soluble rocks by surface water or ground water. Although commonly associated with carbonate rocks (limestone and dolomite) other highly soluble rocks such as evaporates (gypsum and rock salt) can be sculpted into karst terrain. Statement 2: Though most abundant in humid regions where carbonate rock is present, karst terrain occurs in temperate, tropical, alpine and polar environments. Karst features range in scale from microscopic (chemical precipitates) to entire drainage systems and ecosystems which cover hundreds of square miles, and broad karst plateaus. Although karst processes sculpt beautiful landscapes, karst systems are very vulnerable to ground water pollution due to the relatively rapid rate of water flow and the lack of a natural filtration system. This puts local drinking water supplies at risk of being contaminated

Solution: B
Justification: It is the longest mountain-chain on the surface of the earth though submerged under the
oceanic waters. It is characterised by a central rift system at the crest, a fractionated plateau and flank zone
all along its length. The rift system at the crest is the zone of intense volcanic activity. There is no such zone of
Wegner’s Oscillations.

Solution: B Justification: Statement 1: It is a large area of exposed Precambrian igneous and high-grade metamorphic rocks (geological shield) that forms the ancient geological core of the North American continent. Composed of igneous rock resulting from its long volcanic history, the area is covered by a thin layer of soil.
Statement 2: They are a system of mountains in eastern North America. The Appalachian chain is a barrier to east-west travel, as it forms a series of alternating ridgelines and valleys oriented in opposition to most roads running east or west.

Solution: C
Justification: Plates are divided between major and minor plates based on their geographical coverage. The Indian plate is thus a major plate. So, (a) is correct. The subduction zone along the Himalayas forms the northern plate boundary in the form of continent convergence. So, (b) is correct. The peninsular plate is an integral part of the Indian plate. So, (c) is incorrect. In the east, it extends through the Rakinyoma Mountains of Myanmar towards the island arc along the Java Trench. The Western margin follows the Kirthar Mountain of Pakistan. So, (d) is correct

Solution: C
Justification: Iron makes up 5 percent of Earth’s crust and is second in abundance to aluminum among the metals and fourth in abundance behind oxygen, silicon, and aluminum among the elements. Iron, which is the chief constituent of Earth’s core, is the most abundant element in Earth as a whole (about 35 percent) and is relatively plentiful in the Sun and other stars. In the crust the free metal is rare, occurring as terrestrial iron