Static Quiz 01 March 2025 (Geography)
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Static Quiz 01 March 2025 (Geography) For UPSC Exam
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- Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Which of these statements about Earth’s layers is false?
CorrectAnswer: (c)
Explanation:
• (a) True – The mantle (~2,900 km thick) is much thicker than the crust (5-70 km) and the core (~3,500 km total).
• (b) True – The oceanic crust (rich in silica and magnesium) is denser (~3 g/cm³) than the continental crust (~2.7 g/cm³).
• (c) False – The inner core is solid, not liquid, because immense pressure prevents melting despite high temperatures.
• (d) True – The lithosphere includes both the crust and the rigid uppermost mantle.
Takeaway: Pressure, not just heat, determines a layer’s state.IncorrectAnswer: (c)
Explanation:
• (a) True – The mantle (~2,900 km thick) is much thicker than the crust (5-70 km) and the core (~3,500 km total).
• (b) True – The oceanic crust (rich in silica and magnesium) is denser (~3 g/cm³) than the continental crust (~2.7 g/cm³).
• (c) False – The inner core is solid, not liquid, because immense pressure prevents melting despite high temperatures.
• (d) True – The lithosphere includes both the crust and the rigid uppermost mantle.
Takeaway: Pressure, not just heat, determines a layer’s state. - Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Consider these claims about Earth’s composition:
1. The core is mostly iron and nickel.
2. The mantle contains silica and magnesium.
3. The crust’s main elements are oxygen and aluminum.
How many of these claims are correct?CorrectAnswer: (c)
Explanation:
• Claim 1: The core consists of iron and nickel (“nife”)— Correct.
• Claim 2: The mantle is rich in silicate minerals (e.g., olivine), containing silica and magnesium— Correct.
• Claim 3: The crust is dominated by oxygen (~46%) and also contains aluminum (in continental “sial”)— Correct.
Takeaway: Each layer has a unique chemical signature shaping Earth’s structure.IncorrectAnswer: (c)
Explanation:
• Claim 1: The core consists of iron and nickel (“nife”)— Correct.
• Claim 2: The mantle is rich in silicate minerals (e.g., olivine), containing silica and magnesium— Correct.
• Claim 3: The crust is dominated by oxygen (~46%) and also contains aluminum (in continental “sial”)— Correct.
Takeaway: Each layer has a unique chemical signature shaping Earth’s structure. - Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Which layer of Earth matches this description: “A semi-fluid zone enabling tectonic plate motion”?
CorrectAnswer: (b)
Explanation:
• (a) Incorrect – The lithosphere (crust + upper mantle) is rigid, not fluid.
• (b) Correct – The asthenosphere (upper mantle) is semi-fluid and “plastic,” allowing tectonic plates to move.
• (c) Incorrect – The outer core is liquid but does not drive plate movement.
• (d) Incorrect – The lower mantle is solid under high pressure.
Takeaway: The asthenosphere’s flow drives Earth’s surface changes.IncorrectAnswer: (b)
Explanation:
• (a) Incorrect – The lithosphere (crust + upper mantle) is rigid, not fluid.
• (b) Correct – The asthenosphere (upper mantle) is semi-fluid and “plastic,” allowing tectonic plates to move.
• (c) Incorrect – The outer core is liquid but does not drive plate movement.
• (d) Incorrect – The lower mantle is solid under high pressure.
Takeaway: The asthenosphere’s flow drives Earth’s surface changes. - Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Which pair of statements about Earth’s interior is true?
CorrectAnswer: (b)
Explanation:
• (a) False – The crust is the thinnest (~1% of Earth’s volume), and the core is the densest.
• (b) True – The mantle makes up ~84% of Earth’s volume, and the outer core is liquid iron.
• (c) False – The inner core is solid, and the lithosphere is rigid, not soft.
• (d) False – The oceanic crust is thinner (5-10 km vs. 30-70 km for continental), and the mantle contains magnesium, not just iron.
Takeaway: Volume and state define how Earth’s layers interact.IncorrectAnswer: (b)
Explanation:
• (a) False – The crust is the thinnest (~1% of Earth’s volume), and the core is the densest.
• (b) True – The mantle makes up ~84% of Earth’s volume, and the outer core is liquid iron.
• (c) False – The inner core is solid, and the lithosphere is rigid, not soft.
• (d) False – The oceanic crust is thinner (5-10 km vs. 30-70 km for continental), and the mantle contains magnesium, not just iron.
Takeaway: Volume and state define how Earth’s layers interact. - Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Evaluate these statements about Earth’s minerals and layers:
1. Most minerals form from cooling magma.
2. The core’s density comes from silicate rocks.
3. The crust is less than 2% of Earth’s volume.
Which are incorrect?CorrectAnswer: (b)
Explanation:
• Statement 1: Most minerals (e.g., quartz, feldspar) crystallize from magma— Correct.
• Statement 2: The core’s density is from iron and nickel, not silicate rocks (which are found in the mantle)— Incorrect.
• Statement 3: The crust is ~1% of Earth’s volume, confirming it is less than 2%— Correct.
Takeaway: Mineral origins and layer densities reveal Earth’s composition.IncorrectAnswer: (b)
Explanation:
• Statement 1: Most minerals (e.g., quartz, feldspar) crystallize from magma— Correct.
• Statement 2: The core’s density is from iron and nickel, not silicate rocks (which are found in the mantle)— Incorrect.
• Statement 3: The crust is ~1% of Earth’s volume, confirming it is less than 2%— Correct.
Takeaway: Mineral origins and layer densities reveal Earth’s composition.
