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PIB Summaries 02 December 2023

  1. World AIDS Day 2023
  2. Exercise Milan


Context:

World AIDS Day is observed every year on December 1.

Relevance:

Facts for Prelims

Dimensions of the Article:

  1. World AIDS Day
  2. HIV/AIDS

World AIDS Day:

  • Observance Date:
    • Observed every year on December 1.
  • Purpose:
    • Aims to spread awareness about HIV/AIDS.
  • Objectives:
    • Provides an opportunity to combat stigmas associated with the disease.
    • Honors individuals who lost their lives to AIDS.
    • Encourages support for HIV/AIDS research and advanced treatment.
  • Inception:
    • First observed in 1988 when the World Health Organization (WHO) officially recognized the day.
  • Theme for 2023:
    • “Let Communities Lead”

HIV/AIDS:

  • Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a chronic, potentially life-threatening condition caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).

HIV’s Impact:

  • HIV attacks the body’s immune system, increasing vulnerability to other infections and diseases.

Progression to AIDS:

  • If HIV is not treated, it can progress to AIDS.
Transmission:
  • Sexually transmitted infection (STI).
  • Spread by contact with infected blood, illicit injection drug use, or needle sharing.
  • Can be transmitted from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.
Treatment:
  • No effective cure currently exists; HIV is a lifelong condition.
  • Proper medical care, specifically Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), can control HIV.
  • Individuals with effective HIV treatment can lead long, healthy lives and protect their partners.


Context:

The next edition of Exercise MILAN is scheduled to be held in February 2024.

Relevance:

GS III: Security Challenges

Dimensions of the Article:

  1. Exercise Milan

Exercise Milan:

  • Inception:
    • Began in 1995 as a biennial multilateral naval exercise.
  • Expansion:
    • Significantly expanded in scope and scale over the years.
  • Evolution:
    • Originally involved only four countries: Indonesia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
    • Transitioned and expanded in terms of participants and complexity of exercises.
  • Policy Alignment:
    • Aligned with India’s ‘Look East Policy’ initially.
    • Later expanded in line with the ‘Act East Policy’ and the ‘Security And Growth for All in the Region (SAGAR)’ initiative.
  • Participants:
    • Became the largest exercise held by India.
    • Includes participation from Friendly Foreign Countries (FFCs).
  • Recent Edition:
    • The last edition, Milan-24, saw participation from over 40 countries.
    • Held off the coast of Visakhapatnam.

November 2024
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