Context:
New Zealand’s parliament was briefly suspended following a protest by the Indigenous Māori group’s legislators, who staged a “haka”, or ceremonial dance, against a contentious Bill.
Relevance:
Facts for Prelims
Maori People
The Maori are the indigenous people of New Zealand, known for their rich culture, language, and history. They have a profound connection to their land and ancestors, which is deeply embedded in their customs and traditions.
Historical and Cultural Background
- Origins: The Maori are Polynesians who originally settled primarily in the northern parts of the North Island of New Zealand, with the South Island being much more sparsely settled.
- Cultural Struggles: Throughout history, Maori culture faced significant challenges, initially from European colonization efforts led by the ‘Crown’ and subsequently from other settlers. Despite these challenges, the Maori have preserved much of their heritage and traditions.
- Population: According to the 2013 census, the Maori population in New Zealand was 598,605, constituting 14.9 percent of the country’s total population.
Language
- Maori Language: Maori is part of the Polynesian group of the Eastern Oceanic branch of the Austronesian languages. Although only about one-third of Maori are fluent in their ancestral language, efforts to revive and sustain the language are ongoing, with the majority also fluent in English.
Cultural Significance
- Haka: One of the most internationally recognized aspects of Maori culture is the Haka, a traditional war dance that is performed with great vigor and emotional intensity. The dance is notable for its powerful movements and facial expressions.
- Ta Moko (Tattoos): Maori tattoos, known as ‘ta moko’, are another distinctive aspect of their culture. These tattoos are not only artistic expressions but also convey the wearer’s family background, social status, and achievements. Each design is unique and holds deep personal and cultural significance.
Traditional Attire and Arts
- Costumes: Maori costumes are a vibrant expression of their cultural heritage, often worn during ceremonies and traditional festivities. These costumes, along with other cultural artifacts, showcase the Maori’s deep connection to their ancestral spirits and the land.
- Arts and Crafts: Maori arts include carving and weaving, which are not only artistic expressions but also serve practical and ceremonial purposes. These crafts are often imbued with spiritual significance and are passed down through generations.
Modern Maori Society
Today, the Maori community is vibrant and dynamic, actively participating in all aspects of New Zealand life while striving to maintain and rejuvenate their cultural heritage. They are involved in politics, education, the arts, and business, contributing uniquely to the multicultural landscape of New Zealand.
-Source: Indian Express
