Context : Pahalgam Terror Attack
- Incident: 26 civilians (mainly tourists) were brutally killed in Pahalgam, Kashmir.
- Targeting: Victims reportedly identified and killed based on religious identity.
- Cross-border links: Intelligence inputs indicated links between the attackers and terror groups based in Pakistan.
- National Response: India perceives this as a continuation of Pakistan’s support for cross-border terrorism.
Relevance : GS 2(International Relations) ,GS 3(Internal Security)
Five-Pronged Indian Response
Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) Put On Hold
- What is IWT: A 1960 agreement between India and Pakistan about sharing water from the Indus River.
- India’s Decision: India suspended cooperation under the treaty until Pakistan stops supporting cross-border terrorism.
- Why It Matters: The suspension could affect Pakistan’s water supply, as it heavily depends on the Indus river.
Closing the Attari Check Post
- Action: India closed the Attari check post, a key border crossing.
- Deadline: Pakistanis in India with valid visas must return by May 1.
- Impact: This stops people and goods from crossing the border through this route.
Cancelling Pakistan’s SAARC Visa Exemption Scheme (SVES)
- Action: All visas given to Pakistani nationals under the SAARC scheme are cancelled.
- Deadline: Pakistani nationals in India must leave within 48 hours.
- Reason: Prevents any misuse of travel benefits by people with terrorist links.
Diplomatic Actions
- Action: Pakistan’s defence officials in India are asked to leave (persona non grata).
- India’s Response: India will withdraw its own defence officials and reduce staff in Pakistan’s embassy.
- Effect: This cuts down diplomatic presence in both countries.
Why This Matters
- Water Pressure: India can use the control over water sharing as leverage against Pakistan.
- Escalation Risk: This move might increase tensions, but it also sends a strong message to Pakistan.
- Pakistan’s Role: India wants Pakistan to stop supporting terrorism or face consequences.
Previous Similar Actions
- Past Actions: After earlier attacks (like in Uri and Pulwama), India took similar steps, including military strikes.
- International Involvement: The World Bank, which monitors the IWT, may get involved if Pakistan challenges this decision.
