Context : The loss of elder individuals in animal populations, driven by human activities, disrupts social structures, survival strategies, and reproductive success.
Relevance : GS 3 ( Environment)
Impact of Elder Loss
- Habitat destruction and human activities accelerate elder loss.
- Disruption of social structures and survival dynamics.
Role of Elders in Animal Populations
- Elders guide survival strategies, maintain social stability, and enhance reproductive success.
Scientific Evidence
- Studies highlight:
- Elephants (Matriarchs): Provide guidance during threats.
- Orcas (Grandmothers): Improve calf survival rates.
Conservation Challenges
- Hunting and habitat destruction exacerbate elder loss.
- Multi-species fisheries pose complexities in conservation efforts.
Longevity Conservation
Focus Areas
- Protect age structures, especially in long-lived species, to ensure:
- Robust survival strategies.
- Better adaptation to environmental challenges.
Policy Suggestions
- Safeguard older, larger individuals.
- Integrate elder loss considerations into conservation policies.
Conservation Case Studies
- Elephants: Matriarch loss increases stress and conflicts.
- Orcas: Grandmothers enhance reproductive success and calf survival.
- Fish/Reptiles: Older individuals contribute to higher reproductive output.
