Current Affairs Quiz 29 May 2024
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Current Affairs Quiz 29 May 2024 for UPSC Prelims
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- Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Which one of the following statements is not correct?
CorrectAnswer: b
Explanation: The hepatitis B vaccine is a safe and effective vaccine that is recommended for all infants at birth and for children up to 18 years. The hepatitis B vaccine is also known as the first “anti-cancer” vaccine because it prevents hepatitis B, the leading cause of liver cancer worldwide.
IncorrectAnswer: b
Explanation: The hepatitis B vaccine is a safe and effective vaccine that is recommended for all infants at birth and for children up to 18 years. The hepatitis B vaccine is also known as the first “anti-cancer” vaccine because it prevents hepatitis B, the leading cause of liver cancer worldwide.
- Question 2 of 5
2. Question
With reference to urban heat islands, consider the following statements:
1. An urban heat island is a phenomenon where certain pockets within a city experience higher temperatures than surrounding areas on the same day due to heat being trapped within locations that often resemble concrete jungles.
2. The temperature variation in urban heat islands can range between 10 to 15 degrees Celsius.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?CorrectAnswer and Explanation:
Answer: (a) 1 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1 is correct. An urban heat island is a local and temporary phenomenon where certain pockets within a city experience higher temperatures than surrounding or neighboring areas on the same day. This is mainly due to heat remaining trapped within locations that often resemble concrete jungles.
• Statement 2 is incorrect. The temperature variation in urban heat islands typically ranges between 3 to 5 degrees Celsius, not 10 to 15 degrees Celsius.
Therefore, only statement 1 is correct.IncorrectAnswer and Explanation:
Answer: (a) 1 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1 is correct. An urban heat island is a local and temporary phenomenon where certain pockets within a city experience higher temperatures than surrounding or neighboring areas on the same day. This is mainly due to heat remaining trapped within locations that often resemble concrete jungles.
• Statement 2 is incorrect. The temperature variation in urban heat islands typically ranges between 3 to 5 degrees Celsius, not 10 to 15 degrees Celsius.
Therefore, only statement 1 is correct. - Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Which of the following are the Environmental Impacts of Palm Oil Production?
- Loss of Biodiversity
- Deforestation
- Climate Change
CorrectAns;- d) All of the above
Explanation;-
- All are correct about Environmental Impacts of Palm Oil Production.
About Environmental Impacts of Palm Oil Production
- Deforestation – Substantial tracts of tropical forests are cleared to make room for large plantations to service an ever increasing demand for palm oil. Studies show that the forest cover on the island of Borneo had declined from 73.7 percent in 1985 to 50.4 percent in 2005, while the projected cover in 2020 was 32.6 percent. Loss of forest cover in Sumatra, Indonesia, has also been very alarming.
- Loss of biodiversity – Concerns about biodiversity loss are directly related to the loss of natural forests. In particular, orangutan habitats have been threatened by palm oil production. In 1900, there were around 315,000 orangutans in Indonesia and Malaysia. Today, fewer than 50,000 exist in the wild, split into small groups. The palm oil industry is the biggest threat to orangutans, with the species like to be driven to extinction within 12 years unless the devastation of their natural habitat is halted. A related problem has been that fragmentation of natural forest habitats and encroachment by palm oil development which has been resulted in serious human- wildlife (elephant, etc) conflicts.
- Climate change – 15% of all human induced greenhouse gas emissions are caused by deforestation, forest degradation and peat land emissions. As land on mineral soil becomes less readily available, the expansion of oil palm is increasing on peat lands. . As these areas are drained, the peat is exposed to oxidation, resulting in significant CO2 release over an extended period. Other significant sources of GHG emissions associated with oil palm are the use of fires for land clearing and the emissions of methane from the effluent treatment ponds of palm oil mills. Forests are felled, peat swamps drained and burnt, creating a haze that covers large areas, affecting people’s health and disrupting economic activities.
- Use of pesticides and fertilizers – Misuse of pesticides and fertilizers is frequently cited as a negative impact of oil palm cultivation. In general, pesticide use is low compared to many other crops, but some chemicals used, pose significant risks to operators and smallholders and the environment. Among these hazardous chemicals, the herbicide paraquat gives the most cause for concern, as it poses serious health hazards to the spray operators. The Pesticides Action Network-Asia & the Pacific has called for a ban on paraquat production and use on numerous occasions, but to no avail.
IncorrectAns;- d) All of the above
Explanation;-
- All are correct about Environmental Impacts of Palm Oil Production.
About Environmental Impacts of Palm Oil Production
- Deforestation – Substantial tracts of tropical forests are cleared to make room for large plantations to service an ever increasing demand for palm oil. Studies show that the forest cover on the island of Borneo had declined from 73.7 percent in 1985 to 50.4 percent in 2005, while the projected cover in 2020 was 32.6 percent. Loss of forest cover in Sumatra, Indonesia, has also been very alarming.
- Loss of biodiversity – Concerns about biodiversity loss are directly related to the loss of natural forests. In particular, orangutan habitats have been threatened by palm oil production. In 1900, there were around 315,000 orangutans in Indonesia and Malaysia. Today, fewer than 50,000 exist in the wild, split into small groups. The palm oil industry is the biggest threat to orangutans, with the species like to be driven to extinction within 12 years unless the devastation of their natural habitat is halted. A related problem has been that fragmentation of natural forest habitats and encroachment by palm oil development which has been resulted in serious human- wildlife (elephant, etc) conflicts.
- Climate change – 15% of all human induced greenhouse gas emissions are caused by deforestation, forest degradation and peat land emissions. As land on mineral soil becomes less readily available, the expansion of oil palm is increasing on peat lands. . As these areas are drained, the peat is exposed to oxidation, resulting in significant CO2 release over an extended period. Other significant sources of GHG emissions associated with oil palm are the use of fires for land clearing and the emissions of methane from the effluent treatment ponds of palm oil mills. Forests are felled, peat swamps drained and burnt, creating a haze that covers large areas, affecting people’s health and disrupting economic activities.
- Use of pesticides and fertilizers – Misuse of pesticides and fertilizers is frequently cited as a negative impact of oil palm cultivation. In general, pesticide use is low compared to many other crops, but some chemicals used, pose significant risks to operators and smallholders and the environment. Among these hazardous chemicals, the herbicide paraquat gives the most cause for concern, as it poses serious health hazards to the spray operators. The Pesticides Action Network-Asia & the Pacific has called for a ban on paraquat production and use on numerous occasions, but to no avail.
- Question 4 of 5
4. Question
With reference to pulses production in India, consider the following statements:
1. India ranks first globally in terms of area and production of pulses.
2. The National Food Security Mission (NFSM)-Pulses aims to increase production through area expansion and productivity enhancement across all states and Union Territories in India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?CorrectAnswer and Explanation:
Answer: (a) 1 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1 is correct. India has over 35 million hectares of pulses cultivation area, making it the largest pulses producing country globally, ranking first in area (37%) and production (29%).
• Statement 2 is incorrect. The National Food Security Mission (NFSM)-Pulses aims to increase production through area expansion and productivity enhancement across 28 states and 2 Union Territories (Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh), not across all states and Union Territories in India.
Therefore, only statement 1 is correctIncorrectAnswer and Explanation:
Answer: (a) 1 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1 is correct. India has over 35 million hectares of pulses cultivation area, making it the largest pulses producing country globally, ranking first in area (37%) and production (29%).
• Statement 2 is incorrect. The National Food Security Mission (NFSM)-Pulses aims to increase production through area expansion and productivity enhancement across 28 states and 2 Union Territories (Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh), not across all states and Union Territories in India.
Therefore, only statement 1 is correct - Question 5 of 5
5. Question
With reference to the International Solar Alliance (ISA), consider the following statements:
1. The International Solar Alliance is headquartered in Gurugram, Haryana, India.
2. The alliance is a treaty-based inter-governmental organization initiated by India and is open only to countries located between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?CorrectAnswer and Explanation:
Answer: (a) 1 onlyExplanation:
Statement 1 is correct. The International Solar Alliance (ISA) is headquartered in Gurugram, Haryana, India.
Statement 2 is incorrect. While the ISA was initiated by India and targets countries located between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn, its membership is open to all UN member countries. Countries that do not fall within the Tropics can join the alliance and enjoy all benefits as other members, with the exception of voting rights.IncorrectAnswer and Explanation:
Answer: (a) 1 onlyExplanation:
Statement 1 is correct. The International Solar Alliance (ISA) is headquartered in Gurugram, Haryana, India.
Statement 2 is incorrect. While the ISA was initiated by India and targets countries located between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn, its membership is open to all UN member countries. Countries that do not fall within the Tropics can join the alliance and enjoy all benefits as other members, with the exception of voting rights.
