Current Affairs Quiz 24 June 2024
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Current Affairs Quiz 24 June 2024 for UPSC Prelims
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- Question 1 of 5
1. Question
With reference to the State of Global Air (SoGA) Report 2024, consider the following statements:
1. Air pollution is the leading global risk factor for death, overtaking tobacco, diabetes, and hypertension.
2. Non-communicable diseases such as heart disease, stroke, and diabetes account for nearly 90% of the disease burden from air pollution.
3. India accounted for the highest number of ozone-related COPD deaths worldwide in 2021.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?CorrectAnswer and Explanation:
Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1 is incorrect. According to the SoGA Report 2024, air pollution is the second-leading global risk factor for death, trailing hypertension.
• Statement 2 is correct. Non-communicable diseases such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, lung cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) account for nearly 90% of the disease burden from air pollution.
• Statement 3 is correct. In 2021, India accounted for the highest number of ozone-related COPD deaths worldwide, with nearly 50% (237,000) of all such deaths.
Therefore, the correct answer is (b) 2 and 3 only.IncorrectAnswer and Explanation:
Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1 is incorrect. According to the SoGA Report 2024, air pollution is the second-leading global risk factor for death, trailing hypertension.
• Statement 2 is correct. Non-communicable diseases such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, lung cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) account for nearly 90% of the disease burden from air pollution.
• Statement 3 is correct. In 2021, India accounted for the highest number of ozone-related COPD deaths worldwide, with nearly 50% (237,000) of all such deaths.
Therefore, the correct answer is (b) 2 and 3 only. - Question 2 of 5
2. Question
With reference to the Baltic Sea, consider the following statements:
1. The Baltic Sea is a semi-enclosed inland sea situated in Northern Europe.
2. The coastline of the Baltic Sea is shared by nine countries.
3. The Baltic Sea connects to the Atlantic Ocean through the Kiel Canal.
4. The Gulf of Bothnia is located to the east of the Baltic Sea.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?CorrectAnswer and Explanation:
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1 is correct. The Baltic Sea is a semi-enclosed inland sea situated in Northern Europe.
• Statement 2 is correct. The coastline of the Baltic Sea is shared by nine countries: Sweden, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Finland, Estonia, Germany, Denmark, and Russia.
• Statement 3 is incorrect. The Baltic Sea connects to the Atlantic Ocean through the Danish Straits, not the Kiel Canal. The Kiel Canal connects the Baltic Sea to the North Sea.
• Statement 4 is incorrect. The Gulf of Bothnia is located to the north of the Baltic Sea, not to the east.
Therefore, the correct answer is (a) 1 and 2 only.IncorrectAnswer and Explanation:
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only
Explanation:
• Statement 1 is correct. The Baltic Sea is a semi-enclosed inland sea situated in Northern Europe.
• Statement 2 is correct. The coastline of the Baltic Sea is shared by nine countries: Sweden, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Finland, Estonia, Germany, Denmark, and Russia.
• Statement 3 is incorrect. The Baltic Sea connects to the Atlantic Ocean through the Danish Straits, not the Kiel Canal. The Kiel Canal connects the Baltic Sea to the North Sea.
• Statement 4 is incorrect. The Gulf of Bothnia is located to the north of the Baltic Sea, not to the east.
Therefore, the correct answer is (a) 1 and 2 only. - Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Consider the following statements about the Fluorescence Microscopy:
1. Fluorescence microscopy is a technique that involves viewing how the object re-emits light that it has absorbed.
2. Fluorescence microscopy is useful for imaging specific features of small specimens, such as microbes.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?CorrectAnswer: c
About Fluorescence Microscopy:
• Fluorescence microscopy is a technique that uses the principles of fluorescence to study an object. This involves viewing how the object re-emits light that it has absorbed, i.e., how it fluoresces.How it works?
• The way fluorescence microscopy works is by illuminating the object with a specific wavelength of light.
• Particles within the object, called fluorophores, absorb the light and re-emit it at a higher wavelength or different color.
• Before being viewed through the microscope, the object is infused with fluorophores to make it fluorescent.
• As the fluorophores fluoresce, the microscope can track them as they move within the object, allowing visualization of its internal structure and characteristics.
• Different fluorophores have been developed by scientists to study various entities such as specific parts of DNA and protein complexes.Applications:
• Fluorescence microscopy is useful for imaging specific features of small specimens, such as microbes.
• It can enhance the visualization of 3-D features at small scales.
• The technique allows for multicolor staining and labeling of structures within cells, as well as measuring the physiological state of a cell.
• The most popular application of fluorescence microscopy is for studying dynamic behavior in live-cell imaging.
• Multiple types of molecules can now be stained with different colors, enabling simultaneous tracking and observation of various molecules.IncorrectAnswer: c
About Fluorescence Microscopy:
• Fluorescence microscopy is a technique that uses the principles of fluorescence to study an object. This involves viewing how the object re-emits light that it has absorbed, i.e., how it fluoresces.How it works?
• The way fluorescence microscopy works is by illuminating the object with a specific wavelength of light.
• Particles within the object, called fluorophores, absorb the light and re-emit it at a higher wavelength or different color.
• Before being viewed through the microscope, the object is infused with fluorophores to make it fluorescent.
• As the fluorophores fluoresce, the microscope can track them as they move within the object, allowing visualization of its internal structure and characteristics.
• Different fluorophores have been developed by scientists to study various entities such as specific parts of DNA and protein complexes.Applications:
• Fluorescence microscopy is useful for imaging specific features of small specimens, such as microbes.
• It can enhance the visualization of 3-D features at small scales.
• The technique allows for multicolor staining and labeling of structures within cells, as well as measuring the physiological state of a cell.
• The most popular application of fluorescence microscopy is for studying dynamic behavior in live-cell imaging.
• Multiple types of molecules can now be stained with different colors, enabling simultaneous tracking and observation of various molecules. - Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Consider the following statements about Enforcement Directorate
1. It is a law enforcement agency and economic intelligence agency responsible for enforcing economic laws and fighting economic crime in India.
2. It is a part of Ministry of Home affairs, Government Of India.
Which of the statements given above is/are incorrect?CorrectAnswer: B
Enforcement Directorate
• The Directorate of Enforcement (ED) is a law enforcement agency and economic intelligence agency responsible for enforcing economic laws and fighting economic crime in India.
• It is part of the Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance, Government Of India.
• It is composed of officers from the Indian Revenue Service, Indian Corporate Law Service, Indian Police Service and the Indian Administrative Service.
• The origin of this Directorate goes back to 1 May 1956, when an ‘Enforcement Unit’ was formed, in Department of Economic Affairs, for handling Exchange Control Laws violations under Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1947.
• In the year 1957, this Unit was renamed as ‘Enforcement Directorate’.IncorrectAnswer: B
Enforcement Directorate
• The Directorate of Enforcement (ED) is a law enforcement agency and economic intelligence agency responsible for enforcing economic laws and fighting economic crime in India.
• It is part of the Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance, Government Of India.
• It is composed of officers from the Indian Revenue Service, Indian Corporate Law Service, Indian Police Service and the Indian Administrative Service.
• The origin of this Directorate goes back to 1 May 1956, when an ‘Enforcement Unit’ was formed, in Department of Economic Affairs, for handling Exchange Control Laws violations under Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1947.
• In the year 1957, this Unit was renamed as ‘Enforcement Directorate’. - Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Consider the following statements regarding Central Electricity Authority:
- The Central Electricity Authority (CEA) was established in 1951 under the Electricity Supply Act 1948.
- CEA prepares the national electricity plan and tariff policy.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
CorrectAnswer: C
About Central Electricity Authority
- The Central Electricity Authority (CEA) was established in 1951 under the Electricity Supply Act 1948.
- The Act has been superseded by the Electricity Act 2003.
Functions:
- CEA advises the government of India on policy matters related to the development of electricity systems in the country.
- CEA formulates plans for the development of the electricity sector.
- CEA prepares the national electricity plan and tariff policy.
- CEA advises the central government on matters relating to the national electricity policy, rural electrification, hydropower development, etc.
- CEA specifies technical standards for construction, operation, and maintenance of electrical plants and electric lines.
- CEA specifies grid standards and safety requirements for operation and maintenance of transmission lines.
- CEA collects and records data on electricity generation, transmission, distribution, and utilization.
- CEA promotes research and development in the field of electricity.
- CEA monitors the implementation of power projects and schemes.
- CEA coordinates with state governments, state electricity boards, regional power committees, etc. on electricity matters.
IncorrectAnswer: C
About Central Electricity Authority
- The Central Electricity Authority (CEA) was established in 1951 under the Electricity Supply Act 1948.
- The Act has been superseded by the Electricity Act 2003.
Functions:
- CEA advises the government of India on policy matters related to the development of electricity systems in the country.
- CEA formulates plans for the development of the electricity sector.
- CEA prepares the national electricity plan and tariff policy.
- CEA advises the central government on matters relating to the national electricity policy, rural electrification, hydropower development, etc.
- CEA specifies technical standards for construction, operation, and maintenance of electrical plants and electric lines.
- CEA specifies grid standards and safety requirements for operation and maintenance of transmission lines.
- CEA collects and records data on electricity generation, transmission, distribution, and utilization.
- CEA promotes research and development in the field of electricity.
- CEA monitors the implementation of power projects and schemes.
- CEA coordinates with state governments, state electricity boards, regional power committees, etc. on electricity matters.
