Current Affairs Quiz 23 May 2024
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Current Affairs Quiz 23 May 2024
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- Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Which among the following areas are categorised as ‘Rangelands’?
1) Mountain pastures
2) Deserts
3) Wetlands
4) Tundra
Which of the above statements is/are correct?CorrectWhat are Rangelands?
• Rangelands are characterized by low vegetation and comprise grasslands, shrublands, wetlands, desert, semi-arid land, mountain pastures, plateaus and tundra.
• They cover 80 million sq km, which is 54 percent of the earth’s land surface.
• These rangelands are an important ecosystem to fight against climate change as they act as carbon sinks and prevent soil erosion, land degradation and desertification.
Rangelands in India
• Rangelands occupy about 121 million hectares in India and a large part (around 100 million hectares) of these is considered underutilized.
• The report highlighted that around 120 million hectares of land in India is degraded due to water erosion (82 million hectares), wind erosion (12 million hectares), chemical contamination (25 million hectares), and physical degradation (1 million hectares).IncorrectWhat are Rangelands?
• Rangelands are characterized by low vegetation and comprise grasslands, shrublands, wetlands, desert, semi-arid land, mountain pastures, plateaus and tundra.
• They cover 80 million sq km, which is 54 percent of the earth’s land surface.
• These rangelands are an important ecosystem to fight against climate change as they act as carbon sinks and prevent soil erosion, land degradation and desertification.
Rangelands in India
• Rangelands occupy about 121 million hectares in India and a large part (around 100 million hectares) of these is considered underutilized.
• The report highlighted that around 120 million hectares of land in India is degraded due to water erosion (82 million hectares), wind erosion (12 million hectares), chemical contamination (25 million hectares), and physical degradation (1 million hectares). - Question 2 of 5
2. Question
The report on ‘Composite Water Management Index’ was developed by?
CorrectThe Composite Water Management Index (CWMI) is launched by NITI Aayog to provide an annual snapshot of the water sector status and water management performance of the states and union territories (UTs) in India.
IncorrectThe Composite Water Management Index (CWMI) is launched by NITI Aayog to provide an annual snapshot of the water sector status and water management performance of the states and union territories (UTs) in India.
- Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Which among the following statement is incorrect with reference to the International Criminal Court (ICC)?
CorrectAbout International Criminal Court (ICC)
• It is the world’s first permanent international criminal court governed by Rome Statute.
o It was established to prosecute serious international crimes committed by individuals.
• It plays a crucial role in addressing impunity and ensuring accountability for grave offenses against humanity.
• It seeks to complement, not replace, national Courts, as a court of last resort.
Purpose and Jurisdiction
• Genocide: Acts committed with the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group.
• War Crimes: Violations of the laws and customs of war during armed conflicts.
• Crimes Against Humanity: Widespread and systematic attacks on civilians, including murder, torture, and sexual violence.
• Aggression: The use of armed force by a state against another state in violation of the UN Charter.
• Complementarity: The ICC complements national courts and intervenes only when states are unwilling or unable to prosecute these crimes effectively.IncorrectAbout International Criminal Court (ICC)
• It is the world’s first permanent international criminal court governed by Rome Statute.
o It was established to prosecute serious international crimes committed by individuals.
• It plays a crucial role in addressing impunity and ensuring accountability for grave offenses against humanity.
• It seeks to complement, not replace, national Courts, as a court of last resort.
Purpose and Jurisdiction
• Genocide: Acts committed with the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group.
• War Crimes: Violations of the laws and customs of war during armed conflicts.
• Crimes Against Humanity: Widespread and systematic attacks on civilians, including murder, torture, and sexual violence.
• Aggression: The use of armed force by a state against another state in violation of the UN Charter.
• Complementarity: The ICC complements national courts and intervenes only when states are unwilling or unable to prosecute these crimes effectively. - Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Consider the following statements with reference to ‘Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM)”
1) It is a rare brain infection that is caused by Naegleria fowleri.
2) People can get infected from drinking water contaminated with the amoeba.
3) It is a highly contagious infection that destroys the brain tissue and causes swelling.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.CorrectAbout Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM)
• Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare brain infection that is caused by Naegleria fowleri. It is a free-living amoeba or a single-celled living organism.
• Naegleria fowleri lives in warm fresh water and soil around the world, and infects people when it enters the body through the nose.
• Favourable condition for growth: Higher temperatures of up to 115°F (46°C) are conducive to its growth and it can survive for short periods in warm environments.
o The amoeba can be found in warm freshwater, such as lakes and rivers, swimming pools, splash pads, surf parks, or other recreational venues that are poorly maintained or minimally chlorinated.
• Transmission : Naegleria fowleri enters the body through the nose, usually when people are swimming. It then travels up to the brain, where it destroys the brain tissue and causes swelling.
o People cannot get infected with Naegleria fowleri from drinking water contaminated with the amoeba.
o PAM is also non-communicable.
• Symptoms : headache, fever, nausea and vomiting.
o Later on, the patient may have a stiff neck and experience confusion, seizures, hallucinations and slip into a state of coma.
o “Most people with PAM die within 1 to 18 days after symptoms begin. It usually leads to coma and death after 5 days.”
• Treatment : At present, doctors treat it with a combination of drugs, including amphotericin B, azithromycin, fluconazole, rifampin, miltefosine, and dexamethasone.IncorrectAbout Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM)
• Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare brain infection that is caused by Naegleria fowleri. It is a free-living amoeba or a single-celled living organism.
• Naegleria fowleri lives in warm fresh water and soil around the world, and infects people when it enters the body through the nose.
• Favourable condition for growth: Higher temperatures of up to 115°F (46°C) are conducive to its growth and it can survive for short periods in warm environments.
o The amoeba can be found in warm freshwater, such as lakes and rivers, swimming pools, splash pads, surf parks, or other recreational venues that are poorly maintained or minimally chlorinated.
• Transmission : Naegleria fowleri enters the body through the nose, usually when people are swimming. It then travels up to the brain, where it destroys the brain tissue and causes swelling.
o People cannot get infected with Naegleria fowleri from drinking water contaminated with the amoeba.
o PAM is also non-communicable.
• Symptoms : headache, fever, nausea and vomiting.
o Later on, the patient may have a stiff neck and experience confusion, seizures, hallucinations and slip into a state of coma.
o “Most people with PAM die within 1 to 18 days after symptoms begin. It usually leads to coma and death after 5 days.”
• Treatment : At present, doctors treat it with a combination of drugs, including amphotericin B, azithromycin, fluconazole, rifampin, miltefosine, and dexamethasone. - Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Which among the following correctly describes the term ‘Furlough’?
CorrectComparative Table: Furlough, Parole, and Remission
Criteria Furlough Parole Remission
Definition Temporary leave from prison without a specific reason. Conditional, temporary release for specific reasons like emergencies. Reduction in sentence duration or intensity.
Purpose Alleviate monotony, maintain family ties, societal reintegration Address specific exigencies (medical, family emergencies) Modify the severity of punishment
Legal Basis Governed by prison-specific regulations of states Prison Act, 1894 and 1900 Articles 72 and 161 of the Constitution; Section 432 of CrPC
Discretion Discretionary, can be denied for public safety, especially for serious crimes Granted based on specific conditions and rules Granted by the President, Governors, and State Governments
Eligibility Not available for certain categories of prisoners Subject to the nature of the crime and behavior in prison Depends on the nature of the crime and behavior
Authority State-specific prison authorities State-specific prison authorities, under central laws President, Governors, and State Government under CrPCIncorrectComparative Table: Furlough, Parole, and Remission
Criteria Furlough Parole Remission
Definition Temporary leave from prison without a specific reason. Conditional, temporary release for specific reasons like emergencies. Reduction in sentence duration or intensity.
Purpose Alleviate monotony, maintain family ties, societal reintegration Address specific exigencies (medical, family emergencies) Modify the severity of punishment
Legal Basis Governed by prison-specific regulations of states Prison Act, 1894 and 1900 Articles 72 and 161 of the Constitution; Section 432 of CrPC
Discretion Discretionary, can be denied for public safety, especially for serious crimes Granted based on specific conditions and rules Granted by the President, Governors, and State Governments
Eligibility Not available for certain categories of prisoners Subject to the nature of the crime and behavior in prison Depends on the nature of the crime and behavior
Authority State-specific prison authorities State-specific prison authorities, under central laws President, Governors, and State Government under CrPC
