Current Affairs Quiz 22 January 2024
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Current Affairs Quiz 22 January 2024
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- Question 1 of 5
1. Question
The term ‘Ungulates’ recently seen in the news refers to?
CorrectWhat are Ungulates?
• Ungulates are hoofed mammals that walk on their toes. The word ungulate comes from the Latin word “unguis” , which means nail, claw or hoof.
• Ungulates are divided into two classes: even-toed ungulates such as deer, giraffe, antelopes, and odd-toed ungulates such as horses, zebras and rhinoceroses.
• They have the ability to digest cellulose as they graze on the plants.IncorrectWhat are Ungulates?
• Ungulates are hoofed mammals that walk on their toes. The word ungulate comes from the Latin word “unguis” , which means nail, claw or hoof.
• Ungulates are divided into two classes: even-toed ungulates such as deer, giraffe, antelopes, and odd-toed ungulates such as horses, zebras and rhinoceroses.
• They have the ability to digest cellulose as they graze on the plants. - Question 2 of 5
2. Question
With reference to artificial Intelligence, which among the following statement is incorrect?
CorrectWhat is Artificial Intelligence?
• Artificial intelligence (AI) is a wide-ranging branch of computer science concerned with building smart machines capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence.
• Artificial intelligence allows machines to model, or even improve upon, the capabilities of the human mind.
• From the development of self-driving cars to the proliferation of generative AI tools like ChatGPT and Google’s Bard, AI is increasingly becoming part of everyday life — and an area every industry are investing in.
Generative AI
• Generative AI is a type of artificial intelligence technology that can produce various types of content, including text, imagery, audio and synthetic data.
• Generative AI models learn the patterns and structure of their input training data and then generate new data that has similar characteristics.
• ChatGPT, DALL-E, and Bard are examples of generative AI applications that produce text or images based on user-given prompts or dialogue.
Need for the Regulation
• Lack of transparency of AI tools: AI and deep learning models can be difficult to understand, even for those that work directly with the technology.
• AI is not neutral: AI-based decisions are susceptible to inaccuracies, discriminatory outcomes, embedded or inserted bias.
• Manipulation through Algorithm: Online media and news have become even murkier in light of AI-generated images and videos, AI voice changers as well as deep fakes infiltrating political and social spheres.
• Lack of Data Privacy: AI systems often collect personal data to customize user experiences or to help train the AI models.
• Uncontrollable Self AI: There also comes a worry that AI will progress in intelligence so rapidly that it will act beyond humans’ control — possibly in a malicious manner.
• Safety and Security: AI systems, especially those in critical domains like healthcare, transportation, and finance, must meet certain safety standards.
• International Cooperation: AI development is a global phenomenon, and regulatory frameworks can help establish common standards and principles.
• Avoiding Misuse: Without regulations, there is a risk of AI being used for malicious purposes, such as deepfake creation, cyber attacks, or autonomous weapons.
• Public Trust: Establishing clear regulations can enhance public trust in AI technologies.IncorrectWhat is Artificial Intelligence?
• Artificial intelligence (AI) is a wide-ranging branch of computer science concerned with building smart machines capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence.
• Artificial intelligence allows machines to model, or even improve upon, the capabilities of the human mind.
• From the development of self-driving cars to the proliferation of generative AI tools like ChatGPT and Google’s Bard, AI is increasingly becoming part of everyday life — and an area every industry are investing in.
Generative AI
• Generative AI is a type of artificial intelligence technology that can produce various types of content, including text, imagery, audio and synthetic data.
• Generative AI models learn the patterns and structure of their input training data and then generate new data that has similar characteristics.
• ChatGPT, DALL-E, and Bard are examples of generative AI applications that produce text or images based on user-given prompts or dialogue.
Need for the Regulation
• Lack of transparency of AI tools: AI and deep learning models can be difficult to understand, even for those that work directly with the technology.
• AI is not neutral: AI-based decisions are susceptible to inaccuracies, discriminatory outcomes, embedded or inserted bias.
• Manipulation through Algorithm: Online media and news have become even murkier in light of AI-generated images and videos, AI voice changers as well as deep fakes infiltrating political and social spheres.
• Lack of Data Privacy: AI systems often collect personal data to customize user experiences or to help train the AI models.
• Uncontrollable Self AI: There also comes a worry that AI will progress in intelligence so rapidly that it will act beyond humans’ control — possibly in a malicious manner.
• Safety and Security: AI systems, especially those in critical domains like healthcare, transportation, and finance, must meet certain safety standards.
• International Cooperation: AI development is a global phenomenon, and regulatory frameworks can help establish common standards and principles.
• Avoiding Misuse: Without regulations, there is a risk of AI being used for malicious purposes, such as deepfake creation, cyber attacks, or autonomous weapons.
• Public Trust: Establishing clear regulations can enhance public trust in AI technologies. - Question 3 of 5
3. Question
With reference to coral reefs, consider the following statements:
1) Deep reefs cover more of the ocean floor than tropical and shallow-water reefs.
2) Corals share a symbiotic relationship with single-celled algae called zooxanthellae which provide 90 per cent of the coral’s energy.
Which of the following statements is/are incorrect?CorrectCoral Reefs
• A coral reef is an underwater ecosystem characterized by reef-building corals. Reefs are formed of colonies of coral polyps held together by calcium carbonate.
• Corals share a symbiotic relationship with single-celled algae called zooxanthellae. The zooxanthellae also give corals their bright colour. The algae provides the coral with food and nutrients, which they make through photosynthesis, using the sun’s light. Algae provides up to 90 per cent of the coral’s energy. In turn, the corals give the algae a home and key nutrients.
• They provide habitat for sharks, swordfish, sea stars, octopus, shrimp and many other kinds of fish.
• Deep reefs cover more of the ocean floor than tropical and shallow-water reefs.
• The world’s largest tropical coral reef system, the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, stretches for about 2,301 kilometres.
• The deep-sea corals need to rely on alternative sources of food to obtain their nutrition, either by feeding on organic material falling from the surface or by feeding on small plankton. They lack algae, because algae cannot survive where there is no light. These are bright white in colour.
o Shallow-water corals rely on photosynthetic algae that live within the corals and provide their hosts with nutrition. These are brown and green in colour.IncorrectCoral Reefs
• A coral reef is an underwater ecosystem characterized by reef-building corals. Reefs are formed of colonies of coral polyps held together by calcium carbonate.
• Corals share a symbiotic relationship with single-celled algae called zooxanthellae. The zooxanthellae also give corals their bright colour. The algae provides the coral with food and nutrients, which they make through photosynthesis, using the sun’s light. Algae provides up to 90 per cent of the coral’s energy. In turn, the corals give the algae a home and key nutrients.
• They provide habitat for sharks, swordfish, sea stars, octopus, shrimp and many other kinds of fish.
• Deep reefs cover more of the ocean floor than tropical and shallow-water reefs.
• The world’s largest tropical coral reef system, the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, stretches for about 2,301 kilometres.
• The deep-sea corals need to rely on alternative sources of food to obtain their nutrition, either by feeding on organic material falling from the surface or by feeding on small plankton. They lack algae, because algae cannot survive where there is no light. These are bright white in colour.
o Shallow-water corals rely on photosynthetic algae that live within the corals and provide their hosts with nutrition. These are brown and green in colour. - Question 4 of 5
4. Question
With reference to Nagara architecture,consider the following statements:
1) The Nagara style of temple architecture emerged sometime between the 6th to the 8th century CE., during the late Gupta period.
2) The most distinguishable aspect of Nagara style temples is the presence of temple boundaries.
3) In Nagara architecture, there is only one tower on top of the main temple.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.CorrectAbout Nagara style of temple architecture:
• The Nagara style of temple architecture emerged some time in the fifth century CE, during the late Gupta period, in northern India.
• It is seen in juxtaposition with the Dravida style of southern India, which too emerged in the same period.
• Features: Nagara temples are built on a raised plinth, with the garbha griha (sanctum sanctorum) — where the idol of the deity rests — the most sacred part of the temple.
o Towering over the garbha griha is the shikhara (literally ‘mountain peak’), the most distinguishable aspect of Nagara style temples.
o It also comprises a circumambulatory passage around the garbha griha, and one or more mandapas (halls) on the same axis as it.
o Elaborate murals and reliefs often adorn its walls.
o There are several towers of this type.
o The boundaries are less emphasised in this style.IncorrectAbout Nagara style of temple architecture:
• The Nagara style of temple architecture emerged some time in the fifth century CE, during the late Gupta period, in northern India.
• It is seen in juxtaposition with the Dravida style of southern India, which too emerged in the same period.
• Features: Nagara temples are built on a raised plinth, with the garbha griha (sanctum sanctorum) — where the idol of the deity rests — the most sacred part of the temple.
o Towering over the garbha griha is the shikhara (literally ‘mountain peak’), the most distinguishable aspect of Nagara style temples.
o It also comprises a circumambulatory passage around the garbha griha, and one or more mandapas (halls) on the same axis as it.
o Elaborate murals and reliefs often adorn its walls.
o There are several towers of this type.
o The boundaries are less emphasised in this style. - Question 5 of 5
5. Question
With reference to Scheduled Castes in India, consider the following statements:
1) As per the 2011 Census, the total population of SCs in India is 32% of the total population of India.
2) Article 341 of Constitution of India defines Scheduled Caste with respect to any State or Union Territory.
3) Article 15 provide for reservation in posts and services for members of SC/ST communities.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.CorrectScheduled Castes in IndiaAs per the 2011 Census, the total population of SCs in India is 16.6% (16.2% in 2001 Census) of the total population of India.
Article 341 of Constitution of India defines Scheduled Caste with respect to any State or Union Territory.Constitutional Provisions
Article 14: Guarantees equality before law.
Article 15 (4): The state is empowered to make any special provision for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens or for the scheduled castes.
Article 16(4), 16 (4A) and 16 (4B): Provide for reservation in posts and services.
Article 17: Untouchability stands abolished and its practice in any form is forbidden.
Article 23: It emphasises the importance of protecting individual freedom and dignity.
Article 24: It prohibits the employment of children below the age of 14 years in any factory, mine, or hazardous occupation.
Article 46: Promotion of educational and economic interests of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and other weaker sections.
Article 330: Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of the People.
Article 335: It permits laws that reduce the requirements or relax qualifications for members of SC/ST communities in appointments to public services and posts.
Other Statutory ProvisionsRFCTLARR Act, 2013: Special provisions have been made for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes under Sections 41 and 42 of the RFCTLARR Act, 2013 which protect their interests.
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1898: This legislation was designed to provide a measure of protection to Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and to enforce their rights.IncorrectScheduled Castes in IndiaAs per the 2011 Census, the total population of SCs in India is 16.6% (16.2% in 2001 Census) of the total population of India.
Article 341 of Constitution of India defines Scheduled Caste with respect to any State or Union Territory.Constitutional Provisions
Article 14: Guarantees equality before law.
Article 15 (4): The state is empowered to make any special provision for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens or for the scheduled castes.
Article 16(4), 16 (4A) and 16 (4B): Provide for reservation in posts and services.
Article 17: Untouchability stands abolished and its practice in any form is forbidden.
Article 23: It emphasises the importance of protecting individual freedom and dignity.
Article 24: It prohibits the employment of children below the age of 14 years in any factory, mine, or hazardous occupation.
Article 46: Promotion of educational and economic interests of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and other weaker sections.
Article 330: Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of the People.
Article 335: It permits laws that reduce the requirements or relax qualifications for members of SC/ST communities in appointments to public services and posts.
Other Statutory ProvisionsRFCTLARR Act, 2013: Special provisions have been made for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes under Sections 41 and 42 of the RFCTLARR Act, 2013 which protect their interests.
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1898: This legislation was designed to provide a measure of protection to Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and to enforce their rights.
