Current Affairs Quiz 19 August 2023
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Current Affairs Quiz 19 August 2023 for UPSC Prelims
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- Question 1 of 5
1. Question
With reference to the ‘types of government budgets’, consider the following statements:
1. A balanced budget is more suitable for developing countries as it increases the scope of economic growth.
2. A surplus budget is preferred at times of inflation to reduce aggregate demand.
3. A deficit budget helps generate additional demand and boost the rate of economic growth at times of recession.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?CorrectAnswer: D
Statement 1 is incorrect: A government budget is said to be a balanced budget if the estimated
government expenditure is equal to expected government receipts in a particular financial year. Though
it ensures economic stability, if implemented successfully, a balanced budget is inapplicable in less
developed countries as it limits the scope of economic growth and restricts the government from
spending on public welfare.IncorrectAnswer: D
Statement 1 is incorrect: A government budget is said to be a balanced budget if the estimated
government expenditure is equal to expected government receipts in a particular financial year. Though
it ensures economic stability, if implemented successfully, a balanced budget is inapplicable in less
developed countries as it limits the scope of economic growth and restricts the government from
spending on public welfare. - Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Which of the following taxes are applied on petrol/diesel by Central and State governments?
1. Excise duties
2. Value-added tax or a sales tax
3. Goods and services tax
4. Custom duties
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:CorrectAnswer: C
Option 3 is incorrect: Petrol and diesel taxes are not under the ambit of good and services yet. As fuel
prices have surged in the recent past, so has the talk around bringing petrol and diesel under the ambit of
goods and services tax (GST).Whenever the GST Council decides to take up this issue, they are well within
their interest to take it up and discuss. It’s a call that the Council has to take.IncorrectAnswer: C
Option 3 is incorrect: Petrol and diesel taxes are not under the ambit of good and services yet. As fuel
prices have surged in the recent past, so has the talk around bringing petrol and diesel under the ambit of
goods and services tax (GST).Whenever the GST Council decides to take up this issue, they are well within
their interest to take it up and discuss. It’s a call that the Council has to take. - Question 3 of 5
3. Question
The Global Environment Facility (GEF) serves as financial mechanism for the following conventions/protocols
1) UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)
2) Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)
3) Minamata Convention on Mercury
Select the correct answer using the codes below.CorrectAnswer : C
An independently operating financial organization (with 183 countries), the GEF provides grants for projects related to biodiversity, climate change, international waters, land degradation, the ozone layer, and persistent organic pollutants. It was established in 1992 on the eve of Rio Summit.
The GEF also serves as financial mechanism for the following conventions:
Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) Minamata Convention on Mercury The GEF, although not linked formally to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (MP), supports implementation of the Protocol in countries with economies in transition. The GEF also manages two separate adaptation-focused funds under the UNFCCC— the Least Developed Countries Fund and the Special Climate Change Fund— which mobilize funding specifically earmarked for activities related to adaptation.IncorrectAnswer : C
An independently operating financial organization (with 183 countries), the GEF provides grants for projects related to biodiversity, climate change, international waters, land degradation, the ozone layer, and persistent organic pollutants. It was established in 1992 on the eve of Rio Summit.
The GEF also serves as financial mechanism for the following conventions:
Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) Minamata Convention on Mercury The GEF, although not linked formally to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (MP), supports implementation of the Protocol in countries with economies in transition. The GEF also manages two separate adaptation-focused funds under the UNFCCC— the Least Developed Countries Fund and the Special Climate Change Fund— which mobilize funding specifically earmarked for activities related to adaptation. - Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Which of the following chemicals is NOT associated with the depletion of Ozone layer?
CorrectSolution: D
Unique set of conditions was responsible for the ozone hole. In summer season, nitrogen dioxide and methane react with chlorine monoxide and chlorine atoms forming chlorine sinks, preventing much ozone depletion, whereas in winter, special type of clouds called polar stratospheric clouds are formed over Antarctica. These polar stratospheric clouds provide surface on which chlorine nitrate formed gets hydrolysed to form hypochlorous acid. It also reacts with hydrogen chloride produced as per reaction to give molecular chlorine. The chlorine radicals formed after some other reactions, initiate the chain reaction for ozone depletion.IncorrectSolution: D
Unique set of conditions was responsible for the ozone hole. In summer season, nitrogen dioxide and methane react with chlorine monoxide and chlorine atoms forming chlorine sinks, preventing much ozone depletion, whereas in winter, special type of clouds called polar stratospheric clouds are formed over Antarctica. These polar stratospheric clouds provide surface on which chlorine nitrate formed gets hydrolysed to form hypochlorous acid. It also reacts with hydrogen chloride produced as per reaction to give molecular chlorine. The chlorine radicals formed after some other reactions, initiate the chain reaction for ozone depletion. - Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Which of the following statements regarding Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana-Urban are correct?
1. The government had launched the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban) on June 25, 2020
2. Its aim is to provide pucca houses to all eligible beneficiaries by 2022.CorrectAnswer: B
What is the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana-Urban?
• The government had launched the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban) on June 25, 2015, to provide pucca houses to all eligible beneficiaries by 2022.
• The PMAY-U is one of the two schemes envisioned under the PMAY-U.
It is focused on the urban areas, while the other one—PMAY-G—is for rural areasIncorrectAnswer: B
What is the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana-Urban?
• The government had launched the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban) on June 25, 2015, to provide pucca houses to all eligible beneficiaries by 2022.
• The PMAY-U is one of the two schemes envisioned under the PMAY-U.
It is focused on the urban areas, while the other one—PMAY-G—is for rural areas
