Current Affairs Quiz 08 May 2023

Major communities residing in Manipur
• There are 34 recognized tribes, which are broadly classified as ‘Any Kuki Tribes’ and ‘Any Naga Tribes’.
o The Meiteis are the largest community in Manipur.
• The central valley:
o The central valley in the state accounts for about 10% of the landmass of Manipur, and is home primarily to the Meitei and Meitei Pangals who constitute roughly 64.6% of the state’s population.
o They are currently categorised as OBCs or SCs, the Meitei people dominate in more than half the State’s Assembly constituencies. A majority of them identify as Hindu while about 8% are Muslim.
• Hills:
o The remaining 90% of the state’s geographical area comprises hills surrounding the valley, which are home to the recognized tribes, making up about 35.4% of the state’s population.

India -Myanmar Relations
• The two countries share a long land border of over 1,600 km and a maritime boundary in the Bay of Bengal
• India-Myanmar-Thailand Trilateral Highway – The project involves the construction of a 1,360 km road from Moreh in India to Mae Sot in Thailand via Myanma.
• Operation Sunrise is coordinated efforts between the security forces of India and Myanmar to target insurgent groups operating along the border between the two countries.
• Indo-Myanmar border is an open border with free movement regime (FMR) within 16 kms on both sides of the border.
• India has been investing in Myanmar’s energy sector, including the construction of a gas pipeline from Myanmar to India.
• India has been providing training and equipment to Myanmar’s security forces to enhance their capacity to deal with security threats.

Transplantation of Human Organs Act (THOA) 1994:
• It was enacted to provide a system of removal, storage and transplantation of human organs for therapeutic purposes and for the prevention of commercial dealings in human organs.
• THOA is now adopted by all States except Andhra and J&K, who have their own similar laws. Under THOA, source of the organ may be:
o Near Relative donor (mother, father, son, daughter, brother, sister, spouse),
o Other than near relative donor: Such a donor can donate only out of affection and attachment or for any other special reason and that too with the approval of the authorisation committee.
o Deceased donor, especially after Brain stem death e.g. a victim of road traffic accident etc. where the brain stem is dead and person cannot breathe on his own but can be maintained through ventilator, oxygen, fluids etc. Other types of deceased donor could be donors after cardiac death.
• Brain Stem death is recognized as a legal death in India under the Transplantation of Human Organs Act, like many other countries, which has revolutionized the concept of organ donation after death.
• After natural cardiac death only a few organs/tissues can be donated (like cornea, bone, skin and blood vessels) whereas after brain stem death almost 37 different organs and tissues can be donated including vital organs such as kidneys, heart, liver and lungs.

Simlipal National Park
• About:
o It is one of the largest biospheres in India. It is a national park and a tiger reserve (designated under project Tiger in 1973).
o It derives its name from ‘Simul’ (silk cotton) tree.
o It was declared a biosphere reserve by the Government of India in June 1994.
o UNESCO added this National Park to its list of Biosphere Reserves in May 2009.
o Simlipal has the world’s highest rate of black tiger sightings in the world.
• Location:
o Northern part of Orissa’s Mayurbhanj district.
o It lies within two biogeographical regions: the Mahanadian east coastal region of the Oriental realm and the Chhotanagpur biotic province of the Deccan peninsular zone.
o Geographically, it lies in the eastern end of the eastern ghat.

Price Cap Coalition
• A coalition of G7 countries, the European Union and Australia have agreed to prohibit the import of crude oil and petroleum products of Russian origin, supported by a broad range of companies involved in the transport of oil.
• The G7 Oil Price Cap for crude oil of US$60 per barrel came into effect 5 December 2022
• India’s stand is to remain non-committal on any such pricing cap arrangement.