Current Affairs Quiz 07 January 2023
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Current Affairs Quiz 07 January 2023 for UPSC Prelims
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- Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Consider the following statements about Fundamental Rights
1) They are meant for promoting the idea of economic, social and political democracy.
2) They are sacrosanct but not absolute
3) Right to speech and right to form association are part of Right to Freedom
Select the correct answer using the code given below.CorrectThe Fundamental Rights are enshrined in Part III of the Constitution from Articles 12 to 35. In this regard, the framers of the Constitution derived inspiration from the Constitution of the USA.
The Fundamental Rights are meant for promoting the idea of political democracy. They operate as limitations on the tyranny of the executive and arbitrary laws of the legislature.
The Directive Principles seek to establish economic and social democracy in the country. Hence statement 1 is incorrect.
The Fundamental Rights are not absolute and subject to reasonable restrictions. The state can impose reasonable restrictions on them. However, whether such restrictions are reasonable or not is to be decided by the courts. Thus, they strike a balance between the rights of the individual and those of the society as a whole, between individual liberty and social control.
Further, they are not sacrosanct and can be curtailed or repealed by the Parliament through a Constitutional Amendment Act. They can also be suspended during the operation of a National Emergency except the rights guaranteed by Articles 20 and 21. Hence statement 2 is incorrect.Right to freedom (Articles 19–22):
(a) Protection of six rights regarding freedom of: (i) speech and expression, (ii) assembly, (iii) association, (iv) movement, (v) residence, and (vi) profession (Article 19).
(b) Protection in respect of conviction for offences (Article 20).
(c) Protection of life and personal liberty (Article 21).
(d) Right to elementary education (Article 21A).
(e) Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases (Article 22). Hence statement 3 is correct.IncorrectThe Fundamental Rights are enshrined in Part III of the Constitution from Articles 12 to 35. In this regard, the framers of the Constitution derived inspiration from the Constitution of the USA.
The Fundamental Rights are meant for promoting the idea of political democracy. They operate as limitations on the tyranny of the executive and arbitrary laws of the legislature.
The Directive Principles seek to establish economic and social democracy in the country. Hence statement 1 is incorrect.
The Fundamental Rights are not absolute and subject to reasonable restrictions. The state can impose reasonable restrictions on them. However, whether such restrictions are reasonable or not is to be decided by the courts. Thus, they strike a balance between the rights of the individual and those of the society as a whole, between individual liberty and social control.
Further, they are not sacrosanct and can be curtailed or repealed by the Parliament through a Constitutional Amendment Act. They can also be suspended during the operation of a National Emergency except the rights guaranteed by Articles 20 and 21. Hence statement 2 is incorrect.Right to freedom (Articles 19–22):
(a) Protection of six rights regarding freedom of: (i) speech and expression, (ii) assembly, (iii) association, (iv) movement, (v) residence, and (vi) profession (Article 19).
(b) Protection in respect of conviction for offences (Article 20).
(c) Protection of life and personal liberty (Article 21).
(d) Right to elementary education (Article 21A).
(e) Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases (Article 22). Hence statement 3 is correct. - Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Consider the following statements about the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).
1) It is an agreement signed between Iran and the United States
2) It obliged Iran to accept constraints on its enrichment program verified by an intrusive inspection regime in return for a partial lifting of economic sanctions.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?CorrectJoint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA):
The JCPOA was the result of prolonged negotiations from 2013 and 2015 between Iran and P5+1 (China, France, Germany, Russia, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the European Union, or the EU). Hence statement 1 is incorrect.
It happened, thanks to the backchannel talks between the U.S.(U.S. President Barack Obama) and Iran, quietly brokered by Oman, in an attempt to repair the accumulated mistrust since the 1979 Islamic revolution.
The JCPOA obliged Iran to accept constraints on its enrichment program verified by an intrusive inspection regime in return for a partial lifting of economic sanctions. Hence statement 2 is correct.IncorrectJoint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA):
The JCPOA was the result of prolonged negotiations from 2013 and 2015 between Iran and P5+1 (China, France, Germany, Russia, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the European Union, or the EU). Hence statement 1 is incorrect.
It happened, thanks to the backchannel talks between the U.S.(U.S. President Barack Obama) and Iran, quietly brokered by Oman, in an attempt to repair the accumulated mistrust since the 1979 Islamic revolution.
The JCPOA obliged Iran to accept constraints on its enrichment program verified by an intrusive inspection regime in return for a partial lifting of economic sanctions. Hence statement 2 is correct. - Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) is an indicator of business activity in
CorrectAns. D
The Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) is an index of the prevailing direction of economic trends in the manufacturing and service sectors. It consists of a diffusion index that summarizes whether market conditions, as viewed by purchasing managers, are expanding, staying the same, or contracting.
PMI is used to provide information about current and future business conditions to company decision-makers, analysts, and investors. As the official data on industrial output, manufacturing and GDP growth comes much later, PMI helps to make informed decisions at an earlier stage.
IncorrectAns. D
The Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) is an index of the prevailing direction of economic trends in the manufacturing and service sectors. It consists of a diffusion index that summarizes whether market conditions, as viewed by purchasing managers, are expanding, staying the same, or contracting.
PMI is used to provide information about current and future business conditions to company decision-makers, analysts, and investors. As the official data on industrial output, manufacturing and GDP growth comes much later, PMI helps to make informed decisions at an earlier stage.
- Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Consider the following statements with respect to Affordable Rental Housing Scheme
1. ARHC is a sub-scheme under the PM Awas Yojana – Urban program in India
2. Under the scheme, existing government-funded housing complexes will be converted into ARHCs through Concession Agreements for a period of 25 yearsWhich of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
CorrectAnswer : c
Overview of Affordable Rental Housing Scheme (ARHC)
• ARHC is a sub-scheme under the PM Awas Yojana – Urban program in India
• Under the scheme, existing government-funded housing complexes will be converted into ARHCs through Concession Agreements for a period of 25 years
• The concessionaire will be responsible for making the complexes livable by repairing and retrofitting rooms and filling in infrastructure gaps such as water, sanitation, and roads
• States and Union Territories will select the concessionaire through a transparent bidding process
• After 25 years, the complexes will revert back to the Urban Local Body (ULB) to begin the next cycle or be run on their ownBeneficiaries of the ARHC Scheme
• The scheme targets a wide range of migrants including those working in manufacturing, hospitality, healthcare, domestic/commercial establishments, construction, and other sectors, as well as students and laborers from rural areas or small towns seeking better opportunitiesBenefits of ARHCs
• Migrants often live in slums, informal/unauthorized colonies, or peri-urban areas to save on rental costs, but this often requires them to spend a lot of time and money on transportation to get to their places of work
• ARHCs provide affordable housing options in urban areas close to places of work, saving time and money on transportation and reducing congestion and pollution
• The investment in ARHCs is also expected to create new job opportunitiesIncorrectAnswer : c
Overview of Affordable Rental Housing Scheme (ARHC)
• ARHC is a sub-scheme under the PM Awas Yojana – Urban program in India
• Under the scheme, existing government-funded housing complexes will be converted into ARHCs through Concession Agreements for a period of 25 years
• The concessionaire will be responsible for making the complexes livable by repairing and retrofitting rooms and filling in infrastructure gaps such as water, sanitation, and roads
• States and Union Territories will select the concessionaire through a transparent bidding process
• After 25 years, the complexes will revert back to the Urban Local Body (ULB) to begin the next cycle or be run on their ownBeneficiaries of the ARHC Scheme
• The scheme targets a wide range of migrants including those working in manufacturing, hospitality, healthcare, domestic/commercial establishments, construction, and other sectors, as well as students and laborers from rural areas or small towns seeking better opportunitiesBenefits of ARHCs
• Migrants often live in slums, informal/unauthorized colonies, or peri-urban areas to save on rental costs, but this often requires them to spend a lot of time and money on transportation to get to their places of work
• ARHCs provide affordable housing options in urban areas close to places of work, saving time and money on transportation and reducing congestion and pollution
• The investment in ARHCs is also expected to create new job opportunities - Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Which among the following countries share a border with Afghanistan?
1) Kazakhstan
2) Turkmenistan
3) China
4) Iran
Select the correct answer using the code given below.CorrectThe map shows Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, a mountainous landlocked country in southern Central Asia. It borders Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan to the north, Iran to the west, Pakistan to the east and south.
IncorrectThe map shows Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, a mountainous landlocked country in southern Central Asia. It borders Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan to the north, Iran to the west, Pakistan to the east and south.
