Context:
The birth anniversary of the legendary Chola emperor Raja Raja Chola I is celebrated every year during the Sadhaya Vizha in Thanjavur of Tamil Nadu
Relevance:
GS I: History
Raja Raja Chola I
- Born Arulmozhi Varman in 947 CE, he later became known as Raja Raja Chola I, one of the most renowned rulers in history.
- His rule, from 985 to 1014 CE, was characterized by significant military and cultural achievements.
Military Achievements and Expansion
- Raja Raja Chola I extended the Chola Empire beyond South India to include territories from Sri Lanka to Kalinga (modern-day Odisha).
- His reign marked the beginning of Chola naval dominance, with successful campaigns leading to control over the Malabar Coast, the Maldives, and Sri Lanka.
Cultural and Administrative Contributions
- In 1010 CE, he commissioned the construction of the Brihadisvara Temple in Thanjavur, a monumental Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva.
- The temple and Thanjavur, his capital, became central points for religious and economic activities.
- He played a crucial role in the preservation and compilation of Tamil poetry through the creation of the Thirumurai, an anthology of works by poets Appar, Sambandar, and Sundarar.
Titles and Honors
- Pandya Kulashani: This title, meaning ‘thunderbolt to the race of the Pandyas,’ was assumed after his victories over the Pandya dynasty.
- Mummudi Chola: Meaning ‘the Chola who wears the three crowns,’ this title reflected his sovereignty over Chola, Pandya, and Chera lands.
-Source: The Hindu
