Static Quiz 11 February 2025 (Polity)

Q1.c
Explanation:
The National Commission for SCs and STs was established following the 65th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1990.
STs (Scheduled Tribes) differ geographically and culturally from SCs (Scheduled Castes), and their problems are also distinct.
To better address the issues of STs, the Ministry of Tribal Affairs was assigned to coordinate all activities related to STs.
It was proposed to establish a separate National Commission for STs by splitting the existing National Commission for SCs and STs, which was done by passing the 89th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2003.
Hence, statement 1 is correct.
The separate National Commission for STs was established in 2004, consisting of:
A chairperson
A vice-chairperson
Three other members
They are appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal, and their conditions of service and tenure of office are determined by the President.
Hence, statement 2 is correct.
The Commission presents an annual report to the President and can submit additional reports as needed.
The President places all reports before the Parliament, along with a memorandum explaining the actions taken based on the Commission’s recommendations.
The Commission has the power to regulate its own procedures and, while investigating or inquiring into complaints, possesses all the powers of a civil court trying a suit.
Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Q2.c
Explanation:
The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) was established in 1963 by a resolution.
It operates under the Department of Personnel, Ministry of Personnel, Pension & Public Grievances, and is the premier investigative police agency in India.
The Special Police Establishment, which looked into vigilance cases since 1941, was merged with the CBI.
CBI derives its powers from the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act of 1946.
Hence, statement 1 is correct, and statement 2 is not correct.
The establishment of the CBI was recommended by the Santhanam Committee on Prevention of Corruption (1962–1964).
The CBI is the main investigative agency of the Central Government, playing a key role in preventing corruption and maintaining administrative integrity.
It also provides assistance to the Central Vigilance Commission and Lokpal.
The National Investigation Agency (NIA) and CBI investigate different types of cases:
NIA focuses on incidents of terrorist attacks, funding of terrorism, and other terror-related crimes.
CBI investigates crimes of corruption, economic offenses, and serious and organized crimes, excluding terrorism.
Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Q3.b
Explanation:
Following the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004, India enacted the Disaster Management Act, 2005, marking a significant legislative step.
The Act led to the creation of the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) to oversee disaster management.
NDMA’s structure includes:
A chairperson (the Prime Minister is the ex-officio chairperson)
Other members, not exceeding nine, nominated by the chairperson
One member designated as the vice-chairperson with Cabinet Minister status, while other members have the status of a Minister of State.
Hence, pair 3 is not correctly matched.
Each state government must establish a State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA), comprising:
A chairperson (the Chief Minister of the state is the ex-officio chairperson)
Other members, not exceeding nine.
Hence, pair 1 is correctly matched.
The composition of the NITI Aayog includes:
Chairperson: The Prime Minister of India
Governing Council: Chief Ministers of all the states, Chief Ministers of Union Territories with Legislatures (Delhi, Puducherry, and Jammu and Kashmir), and Lt. Governors of other Union Territories.
Full-time organizational framework:
Vice-Chairperson: Appointed by the Prime Minister, with the rank of a Cabinet Minister.
Full-time members: Enjoy the rank of a Minister of State.
Part-time members: Maximum of 2, from leading universities, research organizations, and other relevant institutions, serving in an ex-officio capacity on a rotating basis.
Ex-Officio Members: Maximum of 4 members of the Union Council of Ministers, nominated by the Prime Minister.
Chief Executive Officer: Appointed by the Prime Minister for a fixed tenure, with the rank of Secretary to the Government of India.
Hence, pair 2 is correctly matched.

Q4.a
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: The process of appointing the President is outlined in Articles 52 to 62 of the Constitution.
Statement 2 is incorrect: They should be at least 35 years old.
Statement 3 is incorrect: They must be qualified for election as a member of the Lok Sabha (the lower house of Parliament) only.
Appointment of President in India:
According to the Indian Constitution, the President of India is the head of state and the first citizen of the country.
The process of appointing the President is detailed in Articles 52 to 62 of the Constitution.
Eligibility criteria for the presidency:
Must be a citizen of India.
Should be at least 35 years old.
Must be qualified for election as a member of the Lok Sabha.

Q5.a
Explanation:
After a bill is duly passed by both Houses of Parliament and ratified by the state legislatures, where necessary, the bill is presented to the president for assent.
The President must give his assent to the bill and cannot withhold his assent or return the bill for reconsideration by the Parliament.
(The 24th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1971 made it obligatory for the President to give his assent to a constitutional Amendment Bill).
Hence, statements 1 and 2 are not correct, and statement 3 is correct.