Estimate the contribution of Pallavas of Kanchi for the development of art and literature of South India. (Answer in 150 words) [GS-1: Indian Art & Architecture]

Introduction:

The Pallavas of Kanchi (4th to 9th century CE) made significant contributions to the development of art, architecture, and literature in South India, particularly influencing the Dravidian style.

Body:
Art and Architecture:

• Rock-cut Temples: The Pallavas pioneered the Dravidian temple architecture with rock-cut cave temples, such as the Mahabalipuram Rathas and the Shore Temple, marking a shift from wooden structures to stone architecture.
• Sculptural Art: Detailed carvings, like the Descent of the Ganges bas-relief at Mahabalipuram, exhibit their expertise in stone sculpting, blending religious themes with intricate designs.
• Structural Temples: They built the first structural stone temples, such as the Kailasanatha Temple in Kanchipuram, influencing later Chola architecture.

Literature:

• Sanskrit Patronage: Pallava rulers like Mahendravarman I and Narasimhavarman promoted Sanskrit literature, supporting scholars such as Dandin, who wrote Dashakumaracharita.
• Dravidian Influence: The Pallavas also nurtured the early growth of Tamil literature and contributed to the evolution of Tamil script.

Conclusion:

The Pallavas laid the foundation for South Indian temple architecture and literature, greatly influencing subsequent dynasties like the Cholas, marking a golden period of cultural growth in South India.