Context:
The US centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently issued a healthy advisory due to concerning rise in cases of parvovirus B19.
Relevance:
GS II: Health
Parvovirus B19:
- Parvovirus B19 is a widely spread illness, particularly affecting individuals with compromised immune systems.
- Often referred to as “slapped cheek” syndrome due to the distinctive redness it causes on the cheeks.
- Known historically as ‘Fifth disease’, it ranks fifth among common rash-associated childhood diseases.
Transmission Methods:
- The virus is primarily transmitted through airborne droplets expelled when an infected individual coughs or sneezes.
- It can also spread through blood or blood-contaminated products.
- Infected pregnant individuals can transmit the virus to the fetus via the placenta.
Potential Complications:
- Children: Typically mild in children, requiring minimal treatment.
- Adults: The infection can escalate into serious conditions in adults, particularly pregnant women, potentially leading to severe fetal health issues.
- Immune-compromised Individuals: More severe in those with certain types of anemia or compromised immune systems.
Symptoms of Parvovirus B19:
- Many individuals show no initial symptoms.
- Symptoms vary significantly based on the age at infection onset.
- Includes the ‘slapped cheek’ rash in children and joint pains in adults.
Treatment Approaches:
- Infections typically resolve without intervention.
- Symptomatic Relief: Treatment focuses on alleviating symptoms like fever, itching, and joint discomfort.
-Source: Indian Express
