Context:
The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has reported that the current structure at the Bhojshala complex was built using the remains of an earlier temple at the site. This conclusion was drawn from a scientific survey conducted by the ASI.
Relevance:
GS I: History
Overview of the Bhojshala Complex:
- Location: Situated in the Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh.
- Founder: Constructed in 1034 AD by Raja Bhoja, a prominent ruler of the Paramara dynasty (1000-1055 AD).
- Educational Institution: Functioned as a university where subjects such as music, Sanskrit, astronomy, yoga, Ayurveda, and philosophy were taught.
Historical Significance:
- Early Attacks: In 1305 AD, Alauddin Khilji launched the first attack on the complex.
- Conversion Attempt: In 1514 AD, Mehmudshah Khilji II attempted to convert the complex into a dargah, encroaching on land outside the Saraswati Temple and building the ‘Kamal Moulana’ Makbara.
Inscriptions and Artifacts:
- Prakrit Hymns: Engraved hymns in the Prakrit language depict the Karmavatar, the crocodile incarnation of Vishnu.
- Sarpabandha Pillar Inscriptions: Includes inscriptions detailing the Sanskrit alphabet, and the declensions of ten tenses and moods of Sanskrit grammar.
Recognition and Protection:
- Declared Monument of National Importance: In 1951, under the Ancient and Historical Monument and Archaeological Sites and Remains (Declaration of National Importance) Act, 1951.
- Current Protection: Managed and protected by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1958.
-Source: The Hindu
