Context:
The World Migration Report 2024 was launched by the International Organization for Migration (IOM), revealing significant shifts in global migration patterns.
Relevance:
Facts for Prelims
Insights from the World Migration Report 2024:
- Launch and Frequency: The International Organization for Migration (IOM) released the World Migration Report 2024, its flagship report, every two years.
Remittance Trends:
- India, Mexico, China, the Philippines, and France were the top five remittance recipient countries. India led in remittances in 2010, 2015, 2020, and 2022. International remittances surged by 650% from USD 128 billion to USD 831 billion between 2000 and 2022. India received the highest remittances at USD 111 billion in 2022, followed by Mexico. USD 647 billion of total remittances went to low- and middle-income countries.
Challenges Faced by Migrant Workers:
- South Asian migrant workers encounter financial exploitation, excessive debt from migration costs, xenophobia, and workplace abuses. Record High Displacement:
- The number of displaced individuals reached a record high of 117 million by the end of 2022. India’s Migration
Dynamics:
- India holds the highest number of international migrants globally, nearly 18 million. Significant Indian diasporas exist in countries like the UAE, the US, and Saudi Arabia. Gender Dynamics:
- India has a slightly higher share of female immigrants compared to males. Countries with a notably high proportion of male emigrants include India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan.
Migrant Destinations:
- Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries remain prominent destinations for migrant workers, especially from India, Egypt, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Kenya. Employment sectors include construction, hospitality, security, domestic work, and retail.
-Source: The Hindu
