Context:
Researchers at IISER Bhopal recently developed a new photocatalyst called UC-POP-Au, which absorbs the entire spectrum of light, making it a potent catalyst for chemical processes.
Relevance:
GS III: Science and Technology
Dimensions of the Article:
- Photocatalysts
- Applications
Photocatalysts:
- The term “photocatalyst” combines “photo” related to photons and “catalyst,” a substance influencing reaction rates.
- Photocatalysts are materials altering chemical reaction rates upon exposure to light, a phenomenon known as photocatalysis.
- Illumination generates free charges (electrons and holes) in the catalyst, actively participating in chemical reactions.
- All photocatalysts are essentially semiconductors.
Material Effectiveness:
- Various materials exhibit photocatalytic capability, with titanium dioxide (TiO2) recognized as highly effective.
Categories of Photocatalysis:
- Homogeneous Photocatalysis:
- Occurs when the semiconductor and reactant share the same phase (gas, solid, or liquid).
- Heterogeneous Photocatalysis:
- Involves different phases for the semiconductor and reactant.
Applications:
Valuable for:
- Air and Water Purification: Utilized in the degradation of pollutants.
- Self-Cleaning Surfaces: Applied in coatings for surfaces that self-clean upon exposure to light.
- Solar Energy Conversion: Plays a role in certain aspects of solar energy conversion processes.
-Source: Times of India
