15th June Static Quiz 2021
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15th June Static Quiz 2021 for UPSC Prelims
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- Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Which of the following are included in the basic structure of the constitution?
1) Judicial review.
2) Special leave to appeal by the Supreme Court.
3) Limited power of Parliament to amend the Constitution.
4) Free and fair elections.CorrectAns;- d) All of the above
Explanation:-
• The Article 368 can amend any part of the Constitution including the Fundamental Rights but without affecting the ‘basic structure’ of the Constitution.
• Though unclear about the exact basic structure, from the various SC judgements, the following have emerged as ‘basic features’ of the Constitution –
1. Supremacy of the Constitution.
2. Sovereign, democratic and republican nature of the Indian polity.
3. Secular character of the Constitution.
4. Separation of powers between the legislature, the executive and the judiciary.
5. Federal character of the Constitution.
6. Unity and integrity of the nation.
7. Welfare state (socio-economic justice).
8. Judicial review.
9. Freedom and dignity of the individual.
10. Parliamentary system.
11. Rule of law.
12. Harmony and balance between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles.
13. Principle of equality.
14. Free and fair elections.
15. Independence of Judiciary.
16. Limited power of Parliament to amend the Constitution.
17. Effective access to justice.
18. Principle of reasonableness.
19. Powers of the Supreme Court under Articles 32, 136, 141 and 142.IncorrectAns;- d) All of the above
Explanation:-
• The Article 368 can amend any part of the Constitution including the Fundamental Rights but without affecting the ‘basic structure’ of the Constitution.
• Though unclear about the exact basic structure, from the various SC judgements, the following have emerged as ‘basic features’ of the Constitution –
1. Supremacy of the Constitution.
2. Sovereign, democratic and republican nature of the Indian polity.
3. Secular character of the Constitution.
4. Separation of powers between the legislature, the executive and the judiciary.
5. Federal character of the Constitution.
6. Unity and integrity of the nation.
7. Welfare state (socio-economic justice).
8. Judicial review.
9. Freedom and dignity of the individual.
10. Parliamentary system.
11. Rule of law.
12. Harmony and balance between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles.
13. Principle of equality.
14. Free and fair elections.
15. Independence of Judiciary.
16. Limited power of Parliament to amend the Constitution.
17. Effective access to justice.
18. Principle of reasonableness.
19. Powers of the Supreme Court under Articles 32, 136, 141 and 142. - Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Which of the following statements is/are incorrect?
1) The Quorum in Parliament can be amended by simple majority.
2) The amending provisions regarding 6th schedule of the constitution does not count as constitutional amendment.CorrectAns;- b) Only 2
Explanation:-
• As question is asked to choose incorrect i.e. statement 2nd only.
• The Article 368 provides for two types of amendments, that is, by a special majority of Parliament and also through the ratification of half of the states by a simple majority.
• But, some other articles provide for the amendment of certain provisions of the Constitution by a simple majority of Parliament, i.e., a majority of the members of each House present and voting (similar to the ordinary legislative process).
• Notably, these amendments are not deemed to be amendments of the Constitution for the purposes of Article 368.The Constitution can be amended in three ways –
1. Amendment by simple majority of the Parliament.
2. Amendment by special majority of the Parliament.
3. Amendment by special majority of the Parliament and the ratification of half of the state legislatures.Simple Majority of Parliament
The provisions that can be amended by this include –
1. Admission or establishment of new states.
2. Formation of new states and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing states.
3. Abolition or creation of legislative councils in states.
4. 2nd Schedule – emoluments, allowances, privileges and so on of the president, the governors, the Speakers, judges, etc.
5. Quorum in Parliament.
6. Salaries and allowances of the members of Parliament.
7. Rules of procedure in Parliament.
8. Privileges of the Parliament, its members and its committees.
9. Use of English language in Parliament.
10. Number of judges in the Supreme Court.
11. Conferment of more jurisdiction on the Supreme Court.
12. Use of official language.
13. Citizenship – acquisition and termination.
14. Elections to Parliament and state legislatures.
15. Delimitation of constituencies.
16. Union territories.
17. Fifth Schedule – administration of scheduled areas and scheduled tribes.
18. Sixth Schedule – administration of tribal areas.
IncorrectAns;- b) Only 2
Explanation:-
• As question is asked to choose incorrect i.e. statement 2nd only.
• The Article 368 provides for two types of amendments, that is, by a special majority of Parliament and also through the ratification of half of the states by a simple majority.
• But, some other articles provide for the amendment of certain provisions of the Constitution by a simple majority of Parliament, i.e., a majority of the members of each House present and voting (similar to the ordinary legislative process).
• Notably, these amendments are not deemed to be amendments of the Constitution for the purposes of Article 368.The Constitution can be amended in three ways –
1. Amendment by simple majority of the Parliament.
2. Amendment by special majority of the Parliament.
3. Amendment by special majority of the Parliament and the ratification of half of the state legislatures.Simple Majority of Parliament
The provisions that can be amended by this include –
1. Admission or establishment of new states.
2. Formation of new states and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing states.
3. Abolition or creation of legislative councils in states.
4. 2nd Schedule – emoluments, allowances, privileges and so on of the president, the governors, the Speakers, judges, etc.
5. Quorum in Parliament.
6. Salaries and allowances of the members of Parliament.
7. Rules of procedure in Parliament.
8. Privileges of the Parliament, its members and its committees.
9. Use of English language in Parliament.
10. Number of judges in the Supreme Court.
11. Conferment of more jurisdiction on the Supreme Court.
12. Use of official language.
13. Citizenship – acquisition and termination.
14. Elections to Parliament and state legislatures.
15. Delimitation of constituencies.
16. Union territories.
17. Fifth Schedule – administration of scheduled areas and scheduled tribes.
18. Sixth Schedule – administration of tribal areas.
- Question 3 of 5
3. Question
The “Doctrine of Basic Structure” started from which of the following cases for the 1st time?
CorrectAns;- a) Fundamental Rights Case
Explanation;-
• The Kesavananda Bharati case (1973) is popularly known as the Fundamental Rights Case.
• In Kesavananda Bharati v State of Kerala, the Supreme Court ruled that an amendment cannot destroy what it seeks to modify ,it cannot tinker with the constitution’s basic structure or framework, which are immutable.
• Such an amendment will be declared invalid, although no part of the constitution is protected from amendment, the basic structure doctrine does not protect any one provision of the constitution.
• According to the doctrine, the constitution’s basic features (when “read as a whole”) cannot be abridged or abolished.
• These “basic features” have not been fully defined, and whether a particular provision of the constitution is a “basic feature” is decided by the courts.
The Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala decision laid down the constitution’s basic structure as follows
1. The Supremacy of the constitution
2. Republican, democratic form of government
3. Its secular nature
4. Separation of powers
5. Its federal characterIncorrectAns;- a) Fundamental Rights Case
Explanation;-
• The Kesavananda Bharati case (1973) is popularly known as the Fundamental Rights Case.
• In Kesavananda Bharati v State of Kerala, the Supreme Court ruled that an amendment cannot destroy what it seeks to modify ,it cannot tinker with the constitution’s basic structure or framework, which are immutable.
• Such an amendment will be declared invalid, although no part of the constitution is protected from amendment, the basic structure doctrine does not protect any one provision of the constitution.
• According to the doctrine, the constitution’s basic features (when “read as a whole”) cannot be abridged or abolished.
• These “basic features” have not been fully defined, and whether a particular provision of the constitution is a “basic feature” is decided by the courts.
The Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala decision laid down the constitution’s basic structure as follows
1. The Supremacy of the constitution
2. Republican, democratic form of government
3. Its secular nature
4. Separation of powers
5. Its federal character - Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Which of the following statements regarding “Basic Structure” as incorrect?
1) The Basic structure is defined in Constituion.
2) The Basic structure is the innovation of executive over the years of judgmentsCorrectAns;- c) Both 1 and 2
Explanation;-
• As question asked to choose incorrect, both the statements are incorrect .
• The basic structure doctrine has since been regarded as a tenet of Indian constitutional law.
• The basic structure is not defined in Constitution but it was the judiciary innovation over the years through different judgements.
IncorrectAns;- c) Both 1 and 2
Explanation;-
• As question asked to choose incorrect, both the statements are incorrect .
• The basic structure doctrine has since been regarded as a tenet of Indian constitutional law.
• The basic structure is not defined in Constitution but it was the judiciary innovation over the years through different judgements.
- Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Which of the following statements is correct?
CorrectAns;- d) Neither the supreme court nor the parliament have defined the basic structure of the Constitution.
THE END.
IncorrectAns;- d) Neither the supreme court nor the parliament have defined the basic structure of the Constitution.
THE END.
