01 July Static Quiz 2021 (History)

Solution: (b)

Justification: Statement 1: There were regular drills with officials. Statement 2 and 3: There were tolls and customs on goods taken from one place to another, various kinds of professional taxes, dues levied on ceremonial occasions like marriages and judicial fines. Moreover, the land revenue department was well organized. It was called as puravuvarithinaikkalam. The residential portion of the village was called ur nattam. These and other lands such as the lands belonging to temples were exempted from tax. Statement 4: During the hard times, there was remission of taxes, and Kulottunga I became famous by abolishing tolls and earned the title – Sungam Tavirtta Cholan. The main items of government expenditure were the king and his court, army and navy, roads, irrigation tanks, and canals.

Solution: A

Justification: Statement 1 and 4: Love marriage was a common practice in the Sangam age. Women were allowed to choose their life partners. However, the life of widows was miserable. The practice of Sati was prevalent in the higher strata of society. Even in Cholas, the practice of ‘Sati’ was prevalent among the royal families.
Statement 2: The devadasi system or dancing girls attached to temples emerged during the Chola period. There is evidence that they were often subjected to harassment by priests and officials.
Statement 3: Women poets like Avvaiyar, Nachchellaiyar, and Kakkaipadiniyar flourished in the Sangam period and contributed to Tamil literature.

Solution: B

Justification:
Statement 1: During this period, besides the temples and mathas as educational centres, several educational institutions also flourished. The inscription at Ennayiram, Thirumukkudal and Thirubhuvanai provide details of the colleges existed in these places.

Statement 2 and 3: The development of Tamil literature reached its peak during the Chola period. And a lot of it came from the contribution of education and literature to the enrichment of this culture. Mathematics and medicine studies showed that Kings encouraged logical and intellectual pursuits and were not centred entirely on religious studies.

Solution: A
Learning: Hereditary monarchy was the form of government during the Sangam period. The Chera kings assumed titles like Vanavaramban, Vanavan, Kuttuvan, Irumporai and Villavar, the Chola kings like Senni, Valavan and Killi and the Pandya kings Thennavar and Minavar. Each of the Sangam dynasties had a royal emblem – carp for the Pandyas, tiger for the Cholas and bow for the Cheras.

Solution:D

Justification: Statement 1: External trade was carried between South India and the Greek kingdoms. The port city of Puhar became an emporium of foreign trade, as big ships entered this port with precious goods. Other ports of commercial activity include Tondi, Musiri, Korkai, Arikkamedu, and Marakkanam. Statement 2: Uraiyur was an ancient Chola city with a fortress and city wall on the southern banks of the river Kaveri. It was known for pearls. Statement 3: The worship of Murugan was having an ancient origin and the festivals relating to God Murugan were mentioned in the Sangam literature. He was honored with six abodes known as Arupadai Veedu.