06 December Static Quiz 2021 (Polity)

Preamble:
A preamble is an introductory statement in a document that explains the document’s philosophy and objectives.
In a Constitution, it presents the intention of its framers, the history behind its creation, and the core values and principles of the nation.

The preamble basically gives idea of the following things/objects:
Source of the Constitution
Nature of Indian State
Statement of its objectives
Date of its adoption

History of the Preamble to Indian Constitution
The ideals behind the Preamble to India’s Constitution were laid down by Jawaharlal Nehru’s Objectives Resolution, adopted by the Constituent Assembly on January 22, 1947. Hence statement 1 is correct.
Although not enforceable in court, the Preamble states the objectives of the Constitution, and acts as an aid during the interpretation of Articles when language is found ambiguous. Hence statement 2 is correct.

Secular: The term means that all the religions in India get equal respect, protection and support from the state.
It was incorporated in the Preamble by 42nd Constitutional Amendment, 1976. Hence statement 3 is incorrect.

All the statements are correct

The Public Accounts Committee was introduced in 1921 after its first mention in the Government of India Act, 1919 also called Montford Reforms.
The Public Accounts Committee is now constituted every year under Rule 308 of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha.

Appointment:
The Chairman of the Committee is appointed by the Speaker of Lok Sabha.
It is to be noted that the Committee, not being an executive body, can only make decisions that are advisory by nature.

Members:
It presently comprises 22 members (15 members elected by the Lok Sabha Speaker, and 7 members elected by the Rajya Sabha Chairman) with a term of one year only.

Role & Functions
Check on the government especially with respect to its expenditure bill.
Examines the audit report of C&AG after it is laid in the Parliament.
PAC promotes the basic principle that parliament embodies the will of the people by exercising check over the executive.
Keeps a check on the money spent on any service during a financial year.
It examines the accounts of State corporations, Trading concerns and Manufacturing projects.

Constitution Amendment Bills can be introduced in either House of Parliament. Such a Bill may be brought forward by the government or by a private member. Hence statement 1 is incorrect.

Individual MPs (who are not Ministers) may introduce such a bill to draw the government’s attention to what they might see as issues requiring legislative intervention. Hence statement 2 is incorrect.

Right to marry is a part of ‘right to life’ under Article 21 of the Constitution”.

Originally, the Constitution of India did not make any provision with respect to the Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities1. Later, the States Reorganisation Commission (1953–55) made a recommendation in this regard. Accordingly, the Seventh Constitutional Amendment Act of 1956 inserted a new Article 350- B in Part XVII of the Constitution. Hence statement 1 is incorrect.

This article contains the following provisions:
1. There should be a Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities. He is to be appointed by the President of India.
2. It would be the duty of the Special Officer to investigate all matters relating to the safeguards provided for linguistic minorities under the Constitution
3. He would report to the President upon those matters at such intervals as the
President may direct. The President should place all such reports before each House of Parliament and send to the governments of the states concerned. Hence statement 2 is incorrect.